Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1930 Monroe Street, Suite 200, 53711 Madison, WI, USA.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Sep 3;13:215. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-215.
We report results of a pilot study designed to test a novel smoking cessation intervention, Mindfulness Training for Smokers (MTS), in smokers age 18-29 years with regular episodes of binge drinking. Mindfulness is a cognitive skill of applying close moment-to-moment attention to experience with a mental posture of acceptance and non-reactivity. The MTS intervention consisted of six weekly classes that provided instruction on how to use mindfulness to manage known precursors of smoking relapse including smoking triggers, strong emotions, stressful situations, addictive thoughts, urges, and withdrawal symptoms.
The MTS intervention was compared to Interactive Learning for Smokers (ILS), a time/intensity matched control group using daily non-directed walking instead of mindfulness meditation. Recruitment was conducted primarily at local technical colleges. Primary outcome measures included biochemically-confirmed smoking abstinence and reduction in alcohol use at the end of treatment (2-weeks post-quit attempt).
The sample (N = 55) was 70.9% male, with a mean age of 21.9 years, and a mean of 11.76 alcoholic drinks consumed per week. Intent-to-treat analysis showed biochemically-confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates at 2-weeks post-quit for MTS = 20.0% and ILS = 4.0%, p = .08. Secondary analysis showed number of drinks per week in the first 2-weeks post-quit correlated with smoking relapse at 2-weeks post-quit (p < .01).
This pilot study demonstrated that Mindfulness Training for Smokers shows promise for smoking cessation and alcohol use reduction in treating young adult smokers with alcohol abuse. Results suggest the need for a study with larger sample size and methods that reduce attrition.
ClnicalTrial.gov, NCT01679236.
我们报告了一项旨在测试一种新的戒烟干预措施——正念吸烟训练（MTS）的试点研究结果，该干预措施针对的是年龄在 18-29 岁之间、有规律狂饮行为的吸烟者。正念是一种认知技能，即通过保持对当下的密切关注，以接受和非反应性的心态来处理体验。MTS 干预包括六节每周课程，教授如何使用正念来管理已知的吸烟复发诱因，包括吸烟诱因、强烈情绪、紧张情况、成瘾性思维、冲动和戒断症状。
MTS 干预与交互式吸烟者学习（ILS）进行比较，ILS 是一种时间/强度匹配的对照组，使用日常非定向行走代替正念冥想。招募主要在当地技术学院进行。主要结局指标包括治疗结束时（戒烟尝试后 2 周）经生物化学确证的吸烟戒断和饮酒量减少。
该样本（N=55）中 70.9%为男性，平均年龄为 21.9 岁，平均每周饮酒 11.76 杯。意向治疗分析显示，MTS 的 2 周后 7 天点患病率戒断率为 20.0%，ILS 为 4.0%，p=0.08。二次分析显示，戒烟后前 2 周的每周饮酒量与 2 周后吸烟复发相关（p<.01）。
这项试点研究表明，正念吸烟训练在治疗有酒精滥用的年轻成年吸烟者的戒烟和减少饮酒方面显示出了希望。结果表明需要进行一项具有更大样本量和减少失访率的研究。
ClnicalTrial.gov，NCT01679236。
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