Neurological Clinic, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, AOUP, Italy; Sleep and Epilepsy Center, Neurocenter of the Southern Switzerland, Civic Hospital of Lugano, Switzerland.
Epilepsy Behav. 2013 Nov;29(2):344-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.07.025. Epub 2013 Sep 4.
The aims of our study were to evaluate excessive daytime sleepiness in a group of de novo untreated people with epilepsy using a comprehensive and standardized approach, including subjective evaluation and neurophysiological and performance tests, and to compare these results with those obtained in a control group. Forty-seven patients with epilepsy (17 affected by primary generalized epilepsy and 30 by partial epilepsy), with a new epilepsy diagnosis and never treated, and 44 controls underwent Multiple Sleep Latency Test (preceded by nocturnal polysomnography), simple/complex visual reaction times, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale evaluation. Newly diagnosed and drug-free patients with epilepsy did not differ from controls in any of the tests performed to evaluate daytime sleepiness. In clinical practice, daytime sleepiness is a well-known and frequent complaint of patients with epilepsy, but different mechanisms and causes, such as associated psychiatric or sleep disorders, nocturnal seizures, sleep fragmentation, and antiepileptic drugs, must be taken into account. Excessive daytime sleepiness should not be considered an unavoidable consequence of epilepsy. Thus, a complete diagnostic work-up in patients with epilepsy and sleepiness should be undertaken whenever possible.
我们研究的目的是使用一种全面和标准化的方法评估一组新诊断未经治疗的癫痫患者的日间过度嗜睡，包括主观评估和神经生理及表现测试，并将这些结果与对照组的结果进行比较。47 名新诊断的未经治疗的癫痫患者（17 名原发性全面性癫痫患者和 30 名部分性癫痫患者）和 44 名对照组进行了多次睡眠潜伏期测试（在夜间多导睡眠图之前进行）、简单/复杂视觉反应时间和嗜睡量表评估。在评估日间嗜睡的各项测试中，新诊断的、未经药物治疗的癫痫患者与对照组没有差异。在临床实践中，日间嗜睡是癫痫患者熟知且常见的主诉，但应考虑到不同的机制和原因，如伴发的精神或睡眠障碍、夜间发作、睡眠片段化和抗癫痫药物。日间过度嗜睡不应被认为是癫痫的不可避免后果。因此，在可能的情况下，对于有嗜睡的癫痫患者应进行全面的诊断评估。
