Educational Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA.
Assist Technol. 2013 Fall;25(3):127-36; quiz 137-8. doi: 10.1080/10400435.2012.726937.
Many individuals with little or no functional speech communicate through graphic symbols. Communication is enhanced when the relationship between symbols and their referents are learned to such a degree that retrieval is effortless, resulting in fluent communication. Developing fluency is a time consuming endeavor for special educators and speech-language pathologists (SLPs). It would be beneficial for these professionals to have an automated procedure based on the most efficacious method for teaching the relationship between symbols and referent. Hence, this study investigated whether a procedure based on the generation effect would promote learning the association between symbols and their referents. Results show that referent generation produces the best long-term retention of this relationship. These findings provide evidence that software based on referent generation would provide special educators and SLPs with an efficacious automated procedure, requiring minimal direct supervision, to facilitate symbol/referent learning and the development of communicative fluency.
许多几乎或完全丧失言语功能的人通过图形符号进行交流。当符号与其指称物之间的关系被学习到一定程度，以至于可以毫不费力地进行检索，从而实现流畅的交流时，交流就会得到增强。对于特殊教育工作者和言语语言病理学家（SLP）来说，使交流流畅是一项耗时的任务。如果这些专业人员有一种基于最有效的教授符号和指称物之间关系的方法的自动化程序，这将对他们非常有益。因此，本研究调查了基于生成效应的程序是否会促进符号与其指称物之间的联想学习。结果表明，指称物生成产生了这种关系的最佳长期保留效果。这些发现为基于指称物生成的软件为特殊教育工作者和 SLP 提供了一种有效的自动化程序提供了证据，该程序需要最小的直接监督，以促进符号/指称物的学习和交流流畅性的发展。
