Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 4;8(9):e74832. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074832. eCollection 2013.
'Food addiction' shares a similar neurobiological and behavioral framework with substance addiction. However whether, and to what degree, 'food addiction' contributes to obesity in the general population is unknown.
to assess 1) the prevalence of 'food addiction' in the Newfoundland population; 2) if clinical symptom counts of 'food addiction' were significantly correlated with the body composition measurements; 3) if food addicts were significantly more obese than controls, and 4) if macronutrient intakes are associated with 'food addiction'.
A total of 652 adults (415 women, 237 men) recruited from the general population participated in this study. Obesity was evaluated by Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Fat percentage measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. 'Food addiction' was assessed using the Yale Food Addiction Scale and macronutrient intake was determined from the Willet Food Frequency Questionnaire.
The prevalence of 'food addiction' was 5.4% (6.7% in females and 3.0% in males) and increased with obesity status. The clinical symptom counts of 'food addiction' were positively correlated with all body composition measurements across the entire sample (p<0.001). Obesity measurements were significantly higher in food addicts than controls; Food addicts were 11.7 (kg) heavier, 4.6 BMI units higher, and had 8.2% more body fat and 8.5% more trunk fat. Furthermore, food addicts consumed more calories from fat and protein compared with controls.
Our results demonstrated that 'food addiction' contributes to severity of obesity and body composition measurements from normal weight to obese individuals in the general population with higher rate in women as compared to men.
“食物成瘾”与物质成瘾具有相似的神经生物学和行为框架。然而，“食物成瘾”在普通人群中是否以及在何种程度上导致肥胖尚不清楚。
评估 1）纽芬兰人群中“食物成瘾”的患病率；2）“食物成瘾”的临床症状计数是否与身体成分测量显著相关；3）食物成瘾者是否明显比对照组肥胖，以及 4）宏量营养素的摄入量是否与“食物成瘾”有关。
本研究共招募了 652 名成年人（415 名女性，237 名男性），他们来自普通人群。肥胖通过体重指数（BMI）和双能 X 射线吸收法测量的体脂肪百分比来评估。“食物成瘾”使用耶鲁食物成瘾量表进行评估，宏量营养素的摄入量则由威利食物频率问卷确定。
“食物成瘾”的患病率为 5.4%（女性为 6.7%，男性为 3.0%），并随肥胖程度的增加而增加。“食物成瘾”的临床症状计数与整个样本的所有身体成分测量均呈正相关（p<0.001）。肥胖测量值在食物成瘾者中明显高于对照组；食物成瘾者体重重 11.7（kg），BMI 高 4.6 个单位，体脂肪多 8.2%，躯干脂肪多 8.5%。此外，与对照组相比，食物成瘾者摄入更多的脂肪和蛋白质卡路里。
我们的研究结果表明，“食物成瘾”会导致普通人群中从正常体重到肥胖个体的肥胖严重程度和身体成分测量值增加，女性的发生率高于男性。
