Bøe Sigurd Leinæs, Hovig Eivind
Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, NO-0310 Oslo, Norway.
Ther Deliv. 2013 Sep;4(9):1125-40. doi: 10.4155/tde.13.78.
Photochemical internalization (PCI) is a method for releasing macromolecules from endosomal and lysosomal compartments. The PCI approach uses a photosensitizer that localizes to endosomal and lysosomal compartments, and a light source with appropriate light spectra for excitation of the photosensitizer. Upon photosensitizer excitation, endosomal and lysosomal membranes are destroyed, due to the formation of reactive oxygen species, followed by release of the endocytosed material. PCI has been demonstrated to enhance and control (site- and time-specific) delivery of various macromolecules such as viruses, proteins, chemotherapeutics, nucleic acid, and so on. In this Review we present past and current studies of PCI-controlled delivery of natural and artificial nucleic acids, such as peptide nucleic acids, siRNA molecules, mRNA molecules and plasmids. We also discuss critical aspects to further the possibilities for successful gene targeting in space and time.
光化学内化法（PCI）是一种从内体和溶酶体区室释放大分子的方法。PCI方法使用一种定位于内体和溶酶体区室的光敏剂，以及具有适当光谱用于激发光敏剂的光源。在光敏剂被激发后，由于活性氧的形成，内体和溶酶体膜被破坏，随后内吞物质被释放。PCI已被证明可增强并控制（位点和时间特异性）各种大分子的递送，如病毒、蛋白质、化疗药物、核酸等。在本综述中，我们介绍了过去和当前关于PCI控制递送天然和人工核酸的研究，如肽核酸、小干扰RNA（siRNA）分子、信使核糖核酸（mRNA）分子和质粒。我们还讨论了进一步实现时空成功基因靶向可能性的关键方面。
