Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Contraception. 2013 Dec;88(6):749-57. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2013.08.003. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
Although biological markers of women's exposure to semen from vaginal intercourse have been developed as surrogates for risk of infection or probability of pregnancy, data on their persistence time and clearance are limited.
During 2006-2008, 52 couples were enrolled for three 14-day cycles of abstinence from vaginal sex during which women were exposed in the clinic to a specific quantity (10, 100 or 1000 μL) of their partner's semen. Vaginal swabs were collected before and at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 144 h after exposure for testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and Y-chromosome DNA (Yc DNA).
Immediately after exposure to 1000 μL of semen, the predicted sensitivity of being PSA positive was 0.96; this decreased to 0.65, 0.44, 0.21 and 0.07 at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Corresponding predicted sensitivity of being Yc DNA positive was 0.72 immediately postexposure; this increased to 0.76 at 1 h postexposure and then decreased to 0.60 (at 6 h), 0.63 (at 12 h), 0.49 (at 24 h), 0.21 (at 48 h), 0.17 (at 72 h) and 0.12 (at 144 h).
Overall findings suggest that PSA may be more consistent as a marker of very recent exposure and that Yc DNA is more likely to be detected in the vagina after 12 h postexposure compared to PSA.
尽管已经开发出一些女性阴道内精液暴露的生物标志物来替代感染风险或妊娠概率，但这些标志物的持续时间和清除率的数据有限。
2006 年至 2008 年期间，招募了 52 对夫妇，进行了三个 14 天的禁欲周期，在此期间，女性在诊所内接触到伴侣精液的特定量（10、100 或 1000μL）。在接触后 1、6、12、24、48、72 和 144 小时收集阴道拭子，用于检测前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）和 Y 染色体 DNA（YcDNA）。
在接触 1000μL 精液后立即，PSA 阳性的预测敏感性为 0.96；分别在 6、12、24 和 48 小时时下降至 0.65、0.44、0.21 和 0.07。接触后立即，YcDNA 阳性的预测敏感性为 0.72；在接触后 1 小时增加至 0.76，然后在 6 小时时降至 0.60，在 12 小时时降至 0.63，在 24 小时时降至 0.49，在 48 小时时降至 0.21，在 72 小时时降至 0.17，在 144 小时时降至 0.12。
总体研究结果表明，PSA 可能更适合作为最近接触的标志物，而 YcDNA 在接触后 12 小时比 PSA 更有可能在阴道中被检测到。
