Veterinarians without Borders/Vétérinaires sans Frontières-Canada, P.O. Box 8373, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3R9.
Int Health. 2012 Mar;4(1):4-9. doi: 10.1016/j.inhe.2011.12.001.
Rabies remains a major public health issue despite the existence of well established prevention and treatment protocols. Knowledge and methods of practice were evaluated in an urban and peri-urban province of Cambodia (Phnom Penh and Kandal, respectively). The majority of respondents (93.2%; 233/250) had heard of the disease rabies, of whom only 77.3% (180/233) knew it was fatal to humans. In addition, only 51.9% (121/233) were aware of the vaccine for dogs. The proportion of the population that reported a dog bite (2004-2009) was similar for Phnom Penh and Kandal. Nearly one-half of all victims (37/75) sought treatment at the Institut Pasteur-Cambodia (IPC) clinic, followed by a private clinic (19/75), a hospital (6/75) and traditional medicine (4/75); 7 victims sought no treatment and 2 reported other. Overall, children aged <15 years reported a significantly greater proportion of dog bite victims than adults aged ≥15 years [10.0% (28/280) vs 4.4% (47/1059), respectively]. Nearly all dog owners agreed to pay for their dogs' vaccination (96.5%; 136/141) and to use a collar (94.3%; 133/141). Only 41.8% (59/141) and 51.8% (73/141) would pay to have their dogs spayed and neutered, respectively. Further community education on the prevention of rabies transmission is needed. Focusing on responsible dog ownership and the importance of both the prevention and immediate treatment following a dog bite is essential to reduce rabies infection in Cambodia.
尽管存在完善的预防和治疗方案，狂犬病仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。在柬埔寨的一个城市和城郊省份（金边和干丹省）评估了知识和实践方法。大多数受访者（93.2%；233/250）听说过狂犬病，其中只有 77.3%（180/233）知道狂犬病对人类是致命的。此外，只有 51.9%（121/233）知道狗用疫苗。在金边和干丹省，报告的狗咬伤比例（2004-2009 年）相似。几乎所有受害者（37/75）中有近一半人在巴斯德研究所柬埔寨（IPC）诊所接受治疗，其次是私人诊所（19/75）、医院（6/75）和传统医学（4/75）；7 名受害者未接受治疗，2 名报告其他情况。总体而言，年龄<15 岁的儿童报告的狗咬伤受害者比例明显高于年龄≥15 岁的成年人[10.0%（28/280）比 4.4%（47/1059）]。几乎所有狗主人都同意支付狗的疫苗接种费用（96.5%；136/141）并使用项圈（94.3%；133/141）。只有 41.8%（59/141）和 51.8%（73/141）愿意支付绝育费用。需要进一步开展社区狂犬病传播预防教育。关注负责任的养狗和狗咬伤后的预防和及时治疗至关重要，这有助于减少柬埔寨的狂犬病感染。
