Azizi Kourosh, Badzohreh Abdollah, Sarkari Bahador, Fakoorziba Mohammad Reza, Kalantari Mohsen, Moemenbellah-Fard Mohammad Djaefar, Ali-Akbarpour Mohsen
Department of Medical Entomology, Research Centre for Health Sciences, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
Iran J Med Sci. 2013 Jun;38(2 Suppl):156-62.
Geographical distribution of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) has continuously been extended in recent years in Iran. The Beiza District is one of the newly-emerged endemic foci of ZCL in southern Iran. The main aim of the present study was to detect the vector(s) of ZCL in this area.
To detect the fauna and vectors of ZCL in this district, sand flies were caught using sticky papers. Seventy randomly selected female sand flies out of 730 were molecularly investigated for Leishmania infection using species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay between April and October 2010.
A total of 2543 sand flies were caught. The fauna was identified as 10 species (five Phlebotomus spp. and five Sergentomyia spp.). Phlebotomus papatasi was the most dominant species both indoors and outdoors (37.55% and 16.35 %, respectively). L. major was detected in 5 out of 48 investigated Phlebotomus papatasi (10.41%). Sequence-based characterization was carried out to confirm the PCR findings. The positive samples were shown to have 75-88% similarity with L. major sequences in GenBank.
According to the findings of the present study, similar to the other foci of ZCL in Iran, P. papatasi is the proven and primary vector of CL. This study could be drawn upon for future strategy planning in this newly emerged endemic focus.
近年来，伊朗动物源性皮肤利什曼病（ZCL）的地理分布不断扩大。贝扎区是伊朗南部新出现的ZCL地方性疫源地之一。本研究的主要目的是检测该地区ZCL的传播媒介。
为了检测该地区ZCL的昆虫种类和传播媒介，使用粘纸捕捉白蛉。2010年4月至10月期间，从730只随机选取的雌性白蛉中，挑选出70只，采用种特异性巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测利什曼原虫感染情况。
共捕获2543只白蛉。鉴定出10种昆虫（5种白蛉属和5种司蛉属）。室内和室外最主要的种类均为巴氏白蛉（分别为37.55%和16.35%）。在48只被调查的巴氏白蛉中，有5只检测到硕大利什曼原虫（10.41%）。进行了基于序列的特征分析以确认PCR结果。阳性样本与GenBank中硕大利什曼原虫序列的相似度为75%-88%。
根据本研究结果，与伊朗其他ZCL疫源地一样，巴氏白蛉是已证实的皮肤利什曼病主要传播媒介。本研究可为这个新出现的地方性疫源地未来的策略规划提供参考。
