Universidade de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos , Campinas, SP , Brasil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2012 Jan;43(1):89-97. doi: 10.1590/S1517-838220120001000010. Epub 2012 Jun 1.
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench) is the fifth most produced cereal worldwide. However, some varieties of this cereal contain antinutritional factors, such as tannins and phytate that may form stable complexes with proteins and minerals which decreases digestibility and nutritional value. The present study sought to diminish antinutritional tannins and phytate present in sorghum grains. Three different treatments were studied for that purpose, using enzymes tannase (945 U/Kg sorghum), phytase (2640 U/Kg sorghum) and Paecilomyces variotii (1.6 X 10(7) spores/mL); A) Tannase, phytase and Paecilomyces variotii, during 5 and 10 days; B) An innovative blend made of tanase and phytase for 5 days followed by a Pv increase for 5 more days; C) a third treatment where the reversed order of B was used starting with Pv for 5 days and then the blend of tannase and phytase for 5 more days. The results have shown that on average the three treatments were able to reduce total phenols and both hydrolysable and condensed tannins by 40.6, 38.92 and 58.00 %, respectively. Phytase increased the amount of available inorganic phosphorous, on the average by 78.3 %. The most promising results concerning tannins and phytate decreases were obtained by the enzymes combination of tannase and phytase. The three treatments have shown effective on diminishing tannin and phytate contents in sorghum flour which leads us to affirm that the proposed treatments can be used to increase the nutritive value of sorghum grains destined for either animal feeds or human nutrition.
高粱（Sorghum bicolor Moench）是全球第五大主要粮食作物。然而，这种谷物的一些品种含有抗营养因子，如单宁和植酸，它们可能与蛋白质和矿物质形成稳定的复合物，从而降低其消化率和营养价值。本研究旨在减少高粱谷物中存在的抗营养单宁和植酸。为此，研究了三种不同的处理方法，使用单宁酶（945 U/kg 高粱）、植酸酶（2640 U/kg 高粱）和多粘类芽孢杆菌（1.6 X 10(7)孢子/mL）；A）单宁酶、植酸酶和多粘类芽孢杆菌，处理 5 天和 10 天；B）一种创新的单宁酶和植酸酶混合物，处理 5 天，然后再增加多粘类芽孢杆菌 5 天；C）第三种处理方法，使用 B 的逆序，即先用多粘类芽孢杆菌处理 5 天，然后再用单宁酶和植酸酶混合物处理 5 天。结果表明，三种处理方法平均可分别降低总酚、水解单宁和缩合单宁 40.6%、38.92%和 58.00%。植酸酶增加了可利用无机磷的含量，平均增加了 78.3%。关于单宁和植酸含量的降低，单宁酶和植酸酶的组合酶处理方法效果最好。三种处理方法均能有效降低高粱粉中的单宁和植酸含量，这使我们得出结论，所提出的处理方法可用于提高动物饲料或人类营养用高粱谷物的营养价值。
