Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium.
Res Dev Disabil. 2013 Nov;34(11):4043-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.08.040. Epub 2013 Sep 13.
Within the obesity literature, focus is put on the link between weight status and gross motor skills. However, research on fine motor skills in the obese (OB) childhood population is limited. Therefore, the present study focused on possible weight related differences in gross as well as fine motor skill tasks. Thirty-four OB children (12 ♀ and 22 ♂, aged 7-13 years) were recruited prior to participating in a multidisciplinary treatment program at the Zeepreventorium (De Haan, Belgium). Additionally, a control group of 34 age and gender-matched healthy-weight (HW) children was included in the study. Anthropometric measures were recorded and gross and fine motor skills were assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, second edition (BOT-2). Results were analyzed by independent samples t-tests, multivariate analysis of variance, and a chi-squared test. Being OB was detrimental for all subtests evaluating gross motor skill performance (i.e., upper-limb coordination, bilateral coordination, balance, running speed and agility, and strength). Furthermore, OB children performed worse in fine motor precision and a manual dexterity task, when compared to their HW peers. No group differences existed for the fine motor integration task. Our study provides evidence that lower motor competence in OB children is not limited to gross motor skills alone; OB children are also affected by fine motor skill problems. Further investigation is warranted to provide possible explanations for these differences. It is tentatively suggested that OB children experience difficulties with the integration and processing of sensory information. Future research is needed to explore whether this assumption is correct and what the underlying mechanism(s) could be.
在肥胖症文献中，重点关注体重状况与粗大运动技能之间的联系。然而，关于肥胖儿童（OB）精细运动技能的研究有限。因此，本研究侧重于粗大运动技能和精细运动技能任务中可能存在的与体重相关的差异。在比利时德汉的 Zeepreventorium 参加多学科治疗计划之前，招募了 34 名肥胖儿童（12 名女性和 22 名男性，年龄 7-13 岁）。此外，还招募了 34 名年龄和性别匹配的健康体重（HW）儿童作为对照组。记录了人体测量学指标，并使用 Bruininks-Oseretsky 运动能力测试第二版（BOT-2）评估了粗大运动和精细运动技能。通过独立样本 t 检验、多元方差分析和卡方检验分析结果。肥胖会损害所有评估粗大运动技能表现的子测试（即上肢协调、双侧协调、平衡、跑步速度和敏捷性以及力量）。此外，与 HW 同龄人相比，OB 儿童在精细运动精度和手动灵巧性任务方面表现更差。精细运动综合任务没有组间差异。我们的研究提供了证据，表明 OB 儿童的运动能力较低不仅限于粗大运动技能；OB 儿童也受到精细运动技能问题的影响。需要进一步调查以提供这些差异的可能解释。有人推测，OB 儿童在整合和处理感觉信息方面存在困难。需要进一步研究来探索这种假设是否正确以及潜在的机制是什么。
