Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 11;8(9):e73578. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073578. eCollection 2013.
Persons who perceive their risk for stroke can promote the intervention of stroke risk factors and reduce the risk of stroke occurrence. Our purpose was to assess the knowledge of stroke risk factors and the level of perceived risk for stroke.
In 2011, a population-based face-to-face interview survey was conducted in Yuzhong district, Chongqing. A total of 1500 potential participants aged ≥18 years old were selected using a multi-stage sampling method. The knowledge of stroke risk factors and perceived risk for stroke was surveyed.
A total of 941 participants completed the questionnaire survey. The respondents' awareness rate of stroke risk factors ranged between 53.3% and 87.2%. The community residents' perceived risk for stroke was only 17.7%. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that 45-64 years age group, a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, and stroke were independent predictors of perceived risk for stroke. Perceived risk for stroke increased as the number of risk factors increased (P<0.001). However, even for respondents with three or more risk factors, only 41% perceived themselves to be at risk for stroke.
In this population-based survey, few community residents perceived risk for stroke, even among those with multiple stroke risk factors, most did not perceive themselves to be at risk for stroke. Persons with 45-64 years old, a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease or stroke were more likely to perceive risk for stroke. The awareness of the risk for stroke has yet to be enhanced among community residents.
能够感知自身卒中风险的人群能够促进卒中危险因素的干预，并降低卒中发生的风险。本研究旨在评估人群对卒中危险因素的知晓情况和卒中风险感知水平。
2011 年，在重庆市渝中区开展了一项基于人群的面对面访谈调查。采用多阶段抽样方法，选取了 1500 名年龄≥18 岁的潜在参与者。通过问卷调查评估了卒中危险因素的知晓情况和卒中风险感知情况。
共有 941 名参与者完成了问卷调查。受访者对卒中危险因素的知晓率在 53.3%87.2%之间。社区居民对卒中的风险感知率仅为 17.7%。多因素 logistic 回归分析显示，4564 岁年龄组、高血压病史、高脂血症病史、心脏病史和卒中史是卒中风险感知的独立预测因素。随着危险因素数量的增加，风险感知呈上升趋势（P<0.001）。然而，即使是有 3 个或更多危险因素的受访者中，也仅有 41%的人认为自己有卒中风险。
在本次基于人群的调查中，很少有社区居民感知到卒中风险，即使在有多个卒中危险因素的人群中，大多数人也不认为自己有卒中风险。45~64 岁年龄组、高血压病史、高脂血症病史、心脏病史或卒中史的人群更有可能感知到卒中风险。社区居民对卒中风险的认识仍有待提高。
