Giraldi G, Fovi De Ruggiero G, Cattaruzza M S, Camilli F, Dionette P, Osborn J F, De Luca d'Alessandro E
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
Ann Ig. 2013 Sep-Oct;25(5):397-409. doi: 10.7416/ai.2013.1941.
This study evaluated the opinions and knowledge of the Health-Care-Workers and other employees about smoking in the workplace and investigated their perceptions about the implementation and strengthening of smoke-free policies and their views of proposed smoking cessation course.
This cross-sectional study analyzed data resulting from a questionnaire administered in the Local Health Agency of Rieti (Italy). Comparisons have been made according to smoking status of participants: Ever Smokers (ES) or Never Smokers (NS).
The study was conducted on a sample of 300 workers, the majority of whom think that the smoking ban is not observed in the workplace due to lack of respect for colleagues (59.2% of NS vs 40% of ES, p=0.022). Exposure to Secondhand smoke (SHS) is reported by 15.2% of ES and 30.3% of NS (p=0.006). About 50% of the participants think that the smoking ban has led to an improvement in the quality of interpersonal relationships. Strengthening the smoking ban through frequent inspections would be very effective according to 78% of ES and 88% of NS (p=0.043); having smoking cessation courses within the agency would be considered useful by 56% of ES and 68% of NS (p= 0.064). Relatively few respondents knew of the association between smoking and bladder cancer (35.2% of ES and 47.2% of NS, p=0.061), and asthma exacerbation (66% of ES and 77% of NS, p=0.040). Logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, work categories and smoking status show that ES report that they are less likely to be exposed to SHS (OR= 0.42, 95% CI 0.22-0.78, p=0.006) and to think that people smoke because of lack of respect (OR= 0.46, 95% CI 0.24-0.87, p=0.018). More frequent inspections (OR= 0.50, 95% CI 0.26-0.95, p=0.037) and smoking cessation courses (OR= 0.61, 95% CI 0.37-1.00, p=0.053) are considered less effective by ES. ES are less likely to know that smoking is a cause of bladder cancer (OR= 0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.90, p=0.019) and asthma exacerbation (OR= 0.53, 95% CI 0.31-0.92, p=0.023). Fifty-seven percent of current smokers would like to quit, but only 41% would join a cessation course in the agency.
The results obtained may be used to analyze the effectiveness of tobacco control policy and programs aimed at freeing companies from smoke. Policy makers should provide the best possible protection for workers against exposure to SHS, in particular with enforcement of the smoking ban and smoking cessation courses tailored to maximize potential benefits for both workers and employers.
本研究评估了医护人员及其他员工对工作场所吸烟的看法和知识，并调查了他们对实施和加强无烟政策的看法以及对拟议戒烟课程的看法。
这项横断面研究分析了在意大利列蒂地方卫生局进行的问卷调查所得数据。根据参与者的吸烟状况进行了比较：曾经吸烟者（ES）或从不吸烟者（NS）。
该研究对300名工人进行了抽样调查，其中大多数人认为由于缺乏对同事的尊重，工作场所的禁烟规定未得到遵守（59.2%的非吸烟者对40%的曾经吸烟者，p = 0.022）。15.2%的曾经吸烟者和30.3%的非吸烟者报告接触过二手烟（SHS）（p = 0.006）。约50%的参与者认为禁烟规定使人际关系质量得到了改善。78%的曾经吸烟者和88%的非吸烟者认为通过频繁检查加强禁烟规定会非常有效（p = 0.043）；56%的曾经吸烟者和68%的非吸烟者认为在机构内开设戒烟课程会有用（p = 0.064）。相对较少的受访者知道吸烟与膀胱癌之间的关联（35.2%的曾经吸烟者和47.2%的非吸烟者，p = 0.061）以及哮喘加重（66%的曾经吸烟者和77%的非吸烟者，p = 0.040）。经年龄、性别、工作类别和吸烟状况调整的逻辑回归模型显示，曾经吸烟者报告他们接触二手烟的可能性较小（OR = 0.42，95%可信区间0.22 - 0.78，p = 0.006），并且认为人们吸烟是因为缺乏尊重（OR = 0.46，95%可信区间0.24 - 0.87，p = 0.018）。曾经吸烟者认为更频繁的检查（OR = 0.50，95%可信区间0.26 - 0.95，p = 0.037）和戒烟课程（OR = 0.61，95%可信区间0.37 - 1.00，p = 0.053）效果较差。曾经吸烟者知道吸烟是膀胱癌病因（OR = 0.54，95%可信区间0.32 - 0.90，p = 0.019）和哮喘加重病因（OR = 0.53，95%可信区间0.31 - 0.92，p = 0.023）的可能性较小。57%的当前吸烟者想要戒烟，但只有41%会参加机构内的戒烟课程。
所获得的结果可用于分析旨在使公司无烟的烟草控制政策和计划的有效性。政策制定者应尽可能为工人提供最佳保护，使其免受二手烟暴露，特别是通过执行禁烟规定和量身定制戒烟课程，以最大限度地为工人和雇主带来潜在益处。
