Wan Huan, Li Fangqin, Zhu Lei, Wang Jing, Yang Zizhen, Pan Yujun
Department of Neurology, First Hospital and Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng, Harbin, 150001, China.
J Mol Neurosci. 2014 Feb;52(2):177-85. doi: 10.1007/s12031-013-0119-0. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
Cerebral ischemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the aged population, as well as a tremendous burden on the healthcare system. Despite timely treatment with thrombolysis and percutaneous intravascular interventions, many patients are often left with irreversible neurological deficits. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are a type of nonhematopoietic stem cells which exists in bone marrow mesh, with the potential to self-renew. Unlike cells in the central nervous system, BMSCs differentiate not only into mesodermal cells, but also endodermal and ectodermal cells. Moreover, it has been reported that BMSCs develop into cells with neural and vascular markers and play a role in recovery from ischemic stroke. These findings have fuelled excitement in regenerative medicine for neurological diseases, especially for ischemic stroke. There is now preclinical evidence to suggest that BMSCs grafted into the brain of ischemic models abrogate neurological deficits. Based on the overwhelming evidence from animal studies as well as in clinical trials, BMSC transplantation is considered a promising strategy for treatment of ischemic stroke. The goal of this review is to present an integrated consideration of molecular mechanisms in a chronological fashion and discuss an optimal BMSC delivery route for ischemic stroke.
脑缺血是老年人群发病和死亡的主要原因，也是医疗系统的巨大负担。尽管及时进行了溶栓和经皮血管内干预治疗，但许多患者仍常遗留不可逆的神经功能缺损。骨髓基质细胞（BMSCs），也被称为间充质干细胞（MSCs），是一种存在于骨髓网中的非造血干细胞，具有自我更新的潜力。与中枢神经系统中的细胞不同，BMSCs不仅能分化为中胚层细胞，还能分化为内胚层和外胚层细胞。此外，据报道，BMSCs可发育为具有神经和血管标志物的细胞，并在缺血性中风的恢复中发挥作用。这些发现激发了再生医学领域对神经疾病，尤其是缺血性中风的研究热情。目前有临床前证据表明，移植到缺血模型脑内的BMSCs可消除神经功能缺损。基于动物研究以及临床试验的大量证据，BMSC移植被认为是治疗缺血性中风的一种有前景的策略。本综述的目的是以时间顺序对分子机制进行综合考量，并探讨缺血性中风的最佳BMSC递送途径。
