Sahni Sangita, Maurya S, Singh U P, Singh A K, Singh V P, Pandey V B
Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
Mycobiology. 2005 Jun;33(2):97-103. doi: 10.4489/MYCO.2005.33.2.097. Epub 2005 Jun 30.
Crude extracts and active principles from medicinal plants have shown potential role in controlling plant diseases in glasshouses as well as in fields as one of the safest and ecofriendly methods. The effect of nor-securinine (an alkaloid) isolated from Phyllanthus amarus has been seen against spore germination of some fungi (Alternaria brassicae, A. solani, Curvularia pennisetti, Curvularia sp., Erysiphe pisi, Helminthosporium frumentacei) as well as pea powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi) under glasshouse conditions. The sensitivity of fungi to nor-securinine varied considerably. Nor-securinine was effective against most of the fungi. H. frumentacei was more sensitive even at the lowest concentration (1,000 µg/ml). Likewise conidia of E. pisi were also inhibited in partially or completely appressorium formation. Pre-inoculation treatment showed greater efficacy than post-inoculation in inhibiting powdery mildew development on pea plants in a glasshouse. Maximum inhibition occurred at 2000 µg/ml.
药用植物的粗提物和活性成分作为最安全、环保的方法之一，已显示出在温室和田间控制植物病害方面的潜在作用。从苦味叶下珠中分离出的去甲一叶萩碱（一种生物碱），在温室条件下对一些真菌（芸苔链格孢、茄链格孢、黍弯孢、弯孢属、豌豆白粉菌、禾谷长蠕孢）的孢子萌发以及豌豆白粉病（豌豆白粉菌）有抑制作用。真菌对去甲一叶萩碱的敏感性差异很大。去甲一叶萩碱对大多数真菌有效。即使在最低浓度（1000微克/毫升）下，禾谷长蠕孢也更敏感。同样，豌豆白粉菌的分生孢子在附着胞形成过程中也受到部分或完全抑制。在温室中，接种前处理在抑制豌豆植株白粉病发展方面比接种后处理更有效。最大抑制作用出现在2000微克/毫升。
