Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Cà Foscari Venice, Campo della Celestia, 2737/b, 30122 Castello, Venice, Italy; ECSIN - European Center for Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, Veneto Nanotech S.C.p.A., 45100 Rovigo, Italy.
Mar Environ Res. 2013 Dec;92:71-8. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.08.015. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
Few data exist on the ecotoxicological effects of nanosized titanium dioxide (nTiO2) towards marine species with specific reference to bivalve molluscs and their relative life stages. Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck was selected to assess the potential adverse effects of nTiO2 (0-64 mg/L) on its early larval development stages (pre-D shell stage, malformed D-shell stage and normal D-shell stage larvae) considering two exposure scenarios characterised by total darkness (ASTM protocol) and natural photoperiod (light/dark). This approach was considered to check the presence of potential effects associated to the photocatalytic properties of nTiO2. Parallel experiments were carried on with the bulk reference TiCl4. The toxicity of nTiO2 showed to be mainly related to its "nano" condition and to be influenced by the exposure to light that supported the increase in the number of pre-D shell stage (retarded) larvae compared to the malformed ones especially at the maximum effect concentrations (4 and 8 mg nTiO2/L). The non-linear regression toxicity data analysis showed the presence of two EC50 values per exposure scenario: a) EC(50)1 = 1.23 mg/L (0.00-4.15 mg/L) and EC(50)2 = 38.56 mg/L (35.64-41.47 mg/L) for the dark exposure conditions; b) EC(50)1 = 1.65 mg/L (0.00-4.74 mg/L) and EC(50)2 = 16.39 mg/L (13.31-19.48 mg/L) for the light/dark exposure conditions. The potential implication of agglomeration and sedimentation phenomena on ecotoxicological data was discussed.
关于纳米二氧化钛（nTiO2）对海洋物种的生态毒理学影响，特别是对双壳类软体动物及其相对生命阶段的影响，目前的数据很少。选择贻贝来评估 nTiO2（0-64mg/L）对其早期幼虫发育阶段（预 D 壳阶段、畸形 D 壳阶段和正常 D 壳阶段幼虫）的潜在不利影响，考虑到两种暴露情况，分别为全暗（ASTM 方案）和自然光周期（明暗）。这种方法被认为可以检查与 nTiO2 的光催化特性相关的潜在影响。同时进行了与散装参考 TiCl4 的平行实验。nTiO2 的毒性主要与其“纳米”状态有关，并受光暴露的影响，光暴露支持与畸形幼虫相比，预 D 壳阶段（延迟）幼虫数量的增加，尤其是在最大效应浓度（4 和 8mg nTiO2/L）下。非线性回归毒性数据分析显示，每种暴露情况都存在两个 EC50 值：a）EC(50)1=1.23mg/L（0.00-4.15mg/L）和 EC(50)2=38.56mg/L（35.64-41.47mg/L），用于暗暴露条件；b）EC(50)1=1.65mg/L（0.00-4.74mg/L）和 EC(50)2=16.39mg/L（13.31-19.48mg/L），用于明暗暴露条件。讨论了团聚和沉淀现象对生态毒理学数据的潜在影响。
