Balogun Olukunmi, Koyanagi Ai, Stickley Andrew, Gilmour Stuart, Shibuya Kenji
Department of Global Health Policy, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Global Health Policy, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
J Adolesc Health. 2014 Feb;54(2):228-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.07.034. Epub 2013 Sep 21.
To examine the association between alcohol use and psychological distress among adolescents in a range of developing countries.
Secondary data analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey was conducted using nationally representative data from 12 developing countries: Botswana, Grenada, Indonesia, Kenya, Myanmar, the Philippines, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, the Seychelles, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uganda. The surveys were conducted between 2003 and 2008 and involved 32,001 adolescents primarily aged 13-15 years. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the association between alcohol use and psychological distress.
The prevalence of past 30-day alcohol use and lifetime drunkenness varied widely across countries, as did the occurrence of psychological distress (anxiety-induced sleeplessness and/or depression). The risk of psychological distress was significantly higher among adolescents when using alcohol in all countries except Myanmar. In nine of the 12 countries, past 30-day alcohol use was associated with psychological distress, while students who had been drunk at least once in their lifetime had an increased risk of experiencing psychological distress in 11 of the study countries.
The high prevalence of alcohol use among adolescents and the strength of the association with psychological distress present a major public health challenge in developing countries. The urgent need to reduce adolescent alcohol use necessitates the implementation of context- and culture-specific strategies that reduce the physical availability of alcohol.
研究一系列发展中国家青少年饮酒与心理困扰之间的关联。
利用来自12个发展中国家具有全国代表性的数据，对全球基于学校的学生健康调查进行二次数据分析，这些国家包括博茨瓦纳、格林纳达、印度尼西亚、肯尼亚、缅甸、菲律宾、圣卢西亚、圣文森特和格林纳丁斯、塞舌尔、泰国、特立尼达和多巴哥以及乌干达。调查于2003年至2008年期间进行，涉及32001名主要年龄在13 - 15岁的青少年。我们使用多变量逻辑回归分析来确定饮酒与心理困扰之间的关联。
过去30天饮酒率和终生醉酒率在各国之间差异很大，心理困扰（焦虑引起的失眠和/或抑郁）的发生率也是如此。除缅甸外，在所有国家中，饮酒的青少年出现心理困扰的风险显著更高。在12个国家中的9个国家，过去30天饮酒与心理困扰有关，而在11个研究国家中，终生至少醉酒一次的学生出现心理困扰的风险增加。
青少年饮酒的高流行率以及与心理困扰的紧密关联，给发展中国家带来了重大的公共卫生挑战。迫切需要减少青少年饮酒，这就需要实施针对具体情况和文化的策略，减少酒精的实际可获得性。
