Wolf Eckhard, Braun-Reichhart Christina, Streckel Elisabeth, Renner Simone
Chair of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany,
Transgenic Res. 2014 Feb;23(1):27-38. doi: 10.1007/s11248-013-9755-y. Epub 2013 Sep 25.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged into a steadily increasing health problem and the predicted future dimension of the global DM epidemic is alarming: an increase from currently 346 million to over 400 million affected people worldwide by the year 2030 was extrapolated. Thus concerted research efforts are imperative to gain insight into disease mechanisms and to expand the basis for development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. Diabetic rodent models have traditionally been used to follow these goals, but have limitations for translational research. The pig is another classical animal model for diabetes research. Genetic engineering now facilitates tailoring pig models which mimic human disease mechanisms at the molecular level. This article reviews the existing genetically engineered pig models for diabetes research and their current and future applications. Further, the potential role of the pig as donor of pancreatic islets for xenotransplantation or as host for growing human pancreas is outlined.
糖尿病（DM）已成为一个日益严重的健康问题，预计全球糖尿病流行的未来规模令人担忧：据推断，到2030年，全球受影响人数将从目前的3.46亿增加到超过4亿。因此，必须齐心协力开展研究，以深入了解疾病机制，并扩大预防和治疗策略的发展基础。传统上，糖尿病啮齿动物模型一直用于实现这些目标，但在转化研究方面存在局限性。猪是糖尿病研究的另一种经典动物模型。基因工程现在有助于定制在分子水平上模拟人类疾病机制的猪模型。本文综述了现有的用于糖尿病研究的基因工程猪模型及其当前和未来的应用。此外，还概述了猪作为胰岛异种移植供体或作为人类胰腺生长宿主的潜在作用。
