Al-Wadai A S, Al-Othman M R, Mahmoud M A, Abd El-Aziz A R M
Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Genet Mol Res. 2013 Sep 3;12(3):3335-52. doi: 10.4238/2013.September.3.10.
Twelve species belonging to six fungal genera were found to be associated with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain samples collected from three main regions in Saudi Arabia. The most common genera (average frequency) were Aspergillus (14.3%), Fusarium (29.1%), Penicillium (9.3%), and Alternaria (8.2%). Nineteen isolates of Aspergillus flavus were screened for their ability to produce aflatoxins using HPLC. Thirteen isolates produced aflatoxins ranging from 0.5 to 2.6 µg/kg. Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers were used, with the aim of genetically characterizing strains of A. flavus to discriminate between aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic isolates. RAPD and ISSR analysis revealed a high level of genetic diversity in the A. flavus population, useful for genetic characterization. Clustering based on RAPD and ISSR dendograms was unrelated to geographic origin. RAPD and ISSR markers were not suitable to discriminate aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic isolates, but ISSR primers were better compared to RAPD.
在从沙特阿拉伯三个主要地区采集的小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）籽粒样本中，发现了属于六个真菌属的12个物种。最常见的属（平均频率）为曲霉属（14.3%）、镰刀菌属（29.1%）、青霉属（9.3%）和链格孢属（8.2%）。使用高效液相色谱法对19株黄曲霉分离株产生黄曲霉毒素的能力进行了筛选。13株分离株产生的黄曲霉毒素含量在0.5至2.6微克/千克之间。使用简单序列重复区间（ISSR）和随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）分子标记，旨在对黄曲霉菌株进行遗传特征分析，以区分产黄曲霉毒素和不产黄曲霉毒素的分离株。RAPD和ISSR分析揭示了黄曲霉群体中高度的遗传多样性，这对遗传特征分析很有用。基于RAPD和ISSR树状图的聚类与地理起源无关。RAPD和ISSR标记不适合区分产黄曲霉毒素和不产黄曲霉毒素的分离株，但与RAPD相比，ISSR引物更好。
