Functional Plant Biology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2013 Nov;40(11):6429-35. doi: 10.1007/s11033-013-2757-2. Epub 2013 Sep 26.
The P5CS ({Delta} 1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthetase) gene encodes for a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the rate limiting reaction in proline biosynthesis in living organisms. A wide range of multifunctional roles of proline have now been shown in stress defense. The proline biosynthetic genes, especially, P5CS is commonly used in metabolic engineering for proline overproduction conferring stress tolerance in plants. The gene is functionally well characterized at the molecular level, but there is more to learn about its evolutionary path in the plant kingdom, particularly the drive behind functional (osmoprotective and developmental) divergence of duplication of P5CS genes. In this review, we present the current understanding of the evolutionary trail of plant P5CS gene which plays a key role in stress tolerance.
P5CS（δ1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶）基因编码一种双功能酶，该酶在生物体内催化脯氨酸生物合成中的限速反应。脯氨酸在应激防御中具有广泛的多功能作用。脯氨酸生物合成基因，特别是 P5CS，常用于代谢工程中以过量产生脯氨酸，从而赋予植物对胁迫的耐受性。该基因在分子水平上的功能得到了很好的表征，但在植物王国中，其进化途径还有更多需要了解，特别是 P5CS 基因功能（渗透保护和发育）分化的驱动力。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了植物 P5CS 基因的进化轨迹的最新认识，该基因在应激耐受性中起着关键作用。
