Włodarczyk Andrzej, Raciborski Filip, Opoczyńska Dagmara, Samoliński Bolesław
Prof. Eleonora Reicher Institute of Rheumatology, Warsaw, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2013;20(3):588-94.
Cigarette smoking is one of the main causes of premature death worldwide. Tobacco smoking is influenced by social and economic factors such as age, gender, level of education and place of residence. The objective of this paper is to describe the occurrence of daily tobacco use in urban and rural populations in Poland.
The data was collected between 2009-2010 as part of the International Global Adult Tobacco Survey project. The study was conducted based on population of age 15 and older. 7,840 full individual interviews were conducted (51.2% in rural and 48.8% in urban areas). The total response rate was equal to 65.1%.
25.4% of rural residents at the age of 15 and above smoke tobacco daily (32.5% men and 17.9% women). In cities, this percentage corresponds to 30.3% (35.4% males and 25.8% females, respectively). Among the males and females, the highest percentage of daily tobacco smokers was found among respondents with vocational education (males 47.3% in urban and 41.8% in rural areas; females 36.8% and 23.5%, respectively). In both the rural and urban areas the lowest percentage of daily cigarette smokers among male respondents were those with higher education (24.9% in urban and 16.1% in rural areas). In the group of female respondents, the lowest incidence was observed among those with primary education (16.4% in urban, 11.7% in rural areas).
Daily smoking patterns in Poland differ according to the place of residence (urban/rural) and gender. A decrease in the percentage of daily tobacco users should be observed in the next few years. Along with age exceeding 60 years, the percentage of daily cigarette smokers is clearly on the decline.
吸烟是全球过早死亡的主要原因之一。吸烟受年龄、性别、教育程度和居住地点等社会经济因素影响。本文的目的是描述波兰城乡人口中日常烟草使用情况。
数据收集于2009年至2010年，作为国际全球成人烟草调查项目的一部分。该研究基于15岁及以上人群开展。共进行了7840次完整的个人访谈（农村地区占51.2%，城市地区占48.8%）。总回应率为65.1%。
15岁及以上的农村居民中，25.4%的人每天吸烟（男性为32.5%，女性为17.9%）。在城市，这一比例为30.3%（男性为35.4%，女性为25.8%）。在男性和女性中，接受职业教育的受访者中每日吸烟者的比例最高（城市男性为47.3%，农村男性为41.8%；城市女性为36.8%，农村女性为23.5%）。在农村和城市地区，男性受访者中每日吸烟者比例最低的是受过高等教育的人群（城市为24.9%，农村为16.1%）。在女性受访者群体中，小学教育程度的人群中吸烟率最低（城市为16.4%，农村为11.7%）。
波兰的日常吸烟模式因居住地点（城市/农村）和性别而异。未来几年应观察到每日烟草使用者比例的下降。随着年龄超过60岁，每日吸烟者的比例明显下降。
