Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Adv Immunol. 2013;120:69-103. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-417028-5.00003-X.
Recent insights into discrete myeloid developmental pathways have provided critical information about the organization of the murine mononuclear phagocyte compartment. Short-lived dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to continuously arise from dedicated bone marrow-derived precursors. In contrast, it is now appreciated that most tissue macrophage populations are established before birth and subsequently maintain themselves throughout adulthood by longevity and limited self-renewal. Both of these classical tissue-resident mononuclear phagocyte compartments can be complemented on demand by monocyte infiltrates giving rise to macrophage or DC-like cells, depending on the tissue context they encounter upon extravasation. Monocytes hence have emerged as a versatile emergency squad that can be rapidly recruited to sites of injury to provide a transient supplement with proinflammatory or resolving activities for local mononuclear phagocytes.
近期对离散髓系发育途径的深入研究为了解鼠单核吞噬细胞区室的组织提供了重要信息。现已证实，寿命短的树突状细胞（DC）可连续从专门的骨髓衍生前体中产生。相比之下，人们现在认识到，大多数组织巨噬细胞群体在出生前就已建立，并通过长寿和有限的自我更新在整个成年期维持自身。这两个经典的组织驻留单核吞噬细胞区室都可以按需由单核细胞浸润补充，从而产生巨噬细胞或 DC 样细胞，具体取决于它们在渗出时遇到的组织环境。因此，单核细胞已成为一支多功能的应急队伍，可以迅速招募到损伤部位，为局部单核吞噬细胞提供短暂的补充，具有促炎或消退活性。
