Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria e Sicurezza Alimentare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2013;49(3):272-80. doi: 10.4415/ANN_13_03_07.
This article presents the methodology of the Italian Total Diet Study 2012-2014 aimed at assessing the dietary exposure of the general Italian population to selected nonessential trace elements (Al, inorganic As, Cd, Pb, methyl-Hg, inorganic Hg, U) and radionuclides (40K, 134Cs, 137Cs, 90Sr). The establishment of the TDS food list, the design of the sampling plan, and details about the collection of food samples, their standardized culinary treatment, pooling into analytical samples and subsequent sample treatment are described. Analytical techniques and quality assurance are discussed, with emphasis on the need for speciation data and for minimizing the percentage of left-censored data so as to reduce uncertainties in exposure assessment. Finally the methodology for estimating the exposure of the general population and of population subgroups according to age (children, teenagers, adults, and the elderly) and gender, both at the national level and for each of the four main geographical areas of Italy, is presented.
本文介绍了 2012-2014 年意大利全膳食研究的方法学，旨在评估一般意大利人群对选定的非必需微量元素（铝、无机砷、镉、铅、甲基汞、无机汞、铀）和放射性核素（40K、134Cs、137Cs、90Sr）的膳食暴露情况。本文描述了 TDS 食物清单的建立、抽样计划的设计以及食物样本收集、标准化烹饪处理、混合成分析样本以及随后的样本处理的详细信息。讨论了分析技术和质量保证，重点强调了形态分析数据的必要性和最小化左截断数据的百分比，以降低暴露评估中的不确定性。最后，本文介绍了根据年龄（儿童、青少年、成年人和老年人）和性别（全国和意大利四个主要地理区域的每个区域）估算一般人群和人群亚组暴露情况的方法学。
