University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health, Department of Health Services Research and Administration, 984350 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4350, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2013 Nov;60:189-92. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.08.025. Epub 2013 Sep 8.
Distracted driving is now an increasingly deadly threat to road safety. We provide evidence that intoxicated driving is increasingly responsible for recent increases in fatalities from distracted driving crashes. This study describes trends in deaths on U.S. public roads caused by alcohol-involved and distracted drivers using the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)-a census of fatal crashes on U.S. public roads. Fatality rates per vehicle-miles traveled are calculated using data from the Federal Highway Administration. Alcohol-involved drivers who are simultaneously distracted were responsible for 1750 deaths in 2009, an increase of more than 63% from 2005 when there were 1072 deaths. Alcohol use while driving is increasingly responsible for a growing number of fatalities from distracted driving, accounting for 32% of deaths from distracted driving in 2009 versus 24% in 2005. The fatality rate from these crashes increased from 35.9 to 59.2 deaths per 100 billion vehicle-miles traveled after 2005. Alcohol use is quickly increasing as an important factor behind distracted driving fatalities. This has implications for policies combating distracted driving that do not address the role of alcohol use in distracted driving.
分心驾驶现在是道路安全日益严重的致命威胁。我们提供的证据表明，醉酒驾驶是导致分心驾驶事故死亡人数近期上升的罪魁祸首。本研究使用致命事故报告系统（FARS）描述了美国公共道路上由涉及酒精和分心的司机造成的死亡趋势，FARS 是对美国公共道路上致命事故的普查。使用联邦公路管理局的数据计算每行驶车辆英里的死亡率。2009 年，同时分心且醉酒的司机造成 1750 人死亡，比 2005 年的 1072 人增加了 63%以上。在分心驾驶造成的死亡人数中，饮酒驾驶的比例越来越高，2009 年占 32%，而 2005 年占 24%。自 2005 年以来，这些事故的死亡率从每 1000 亿车英里行驶 35.9 人死亡增加到 59.2 人死亡。由于分心驾驶造成的死亡人数中，酒精使用是一个重要因素，这对不解决酒精在分心驾驶中的作用的打击分心驾驶政策产生了影响。
