Zarei Esameil, Jafari Mohammad Javad, Badri Naser
Neyshabur Student Research Committee, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
J Res Health Sci. 2013 Sep 17;13(2):181-7.
New technologies using hazardous materials usually have certain risks. It is more serious when the technology is supposed to be applied in a large scale and become widely used by many people. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the risk of vapor cloud explosion in a hydrogen production process.
Potential hazards were identified using the conventional hazard identification method (HAZID). The frequency of the proposed scenarios was estimated from statistical data and existing records. The PHAST professional software was applied for consequence modeling. Both individual and societal risks were evaluated. This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2010 to December 2011 in a Hydrogen Production Plant in Tehran.
The full bore rupture in heat exchanger had the highest harm effect distance. The full bore rupture in desulphurization reactor had the highest (57% of total) individual risk. Full bore rupture in heat exchanger was the highest contributor to social risk. It carried 64% & 66.7% of total risk in day and night respectively.
For the sake of safety, mitigation measures should be implemented on heat exchanger, reformer and hydrogen purification absorbers. The main proposed risk reductive measures included; the increasing of installed equipment elevation, the application of smaller vessels and pipes.
使用危险材料的新技术通常存在一定风险。当该技术预计大规模应用并被许多人广泛使用时，风险更为严重。本文的目的是评估制氢过程中蒸汽云爆炸的风险。
使用传统的危险识别方法（HAZID）识别潜在危害。根据统计数据和现有记录估算所提出场景的发生频率。应用PHAST专业软件进行后果建模。评估了个人风险和社会风险。这项横断面研究于2010年6月至2011年12月在德黑兰的一家制氢厂进行。
换热器的全管径破裂具有最大的危害影响距离。脱硫反应器的全管径破裂具有最高的（占总数的57%）个人风险。换热器的全管径破裂是社会风险的最大贡献因素。它分别在白天和夜间承担了总风险的64%和66.7%。
为了安全起见，应在换热器、重整器和氢气净化吸收器上实施缓解措施。提出的主要风险降低措施包括：提高安装设备的高度，使用较小的容器和管道。
