McConnell Eileen Diaz
School of Transborder Studies, Arizona State University, Lattie Coor Hall, Room 6650, PO Box 873502, Tempe, AZ 85287-3502,
Race Soc Probl. 2013 Sep;5(3):173-190. doi: 10.1007/s12552-013-9086-x.
Housing costs are a substantial component of U.S. household expenditures. Those who allocate a large proportion of their income to housing often have to make difficult financial decisions with significant short-term and long-term implications for adults and children. This study employs cross-sectional data from the first wave of the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey (L.A.FANS) collected between 2000 and 2002 to examine the most common U.S. standard of housing affordability, the likelihood of spending thirty percent or more of income on shelter costs. Multivariate analyses of a low-income sample of U.S. born Latinos, Whites, African Americans, authorized Latino immigrants and unauthorized Latino immigrants focus on baseline and persistent differences in the likelihood of being cost burdened by race, nativity and legal status. Nearly half or more of each group of low-income respondents experience housing affordability problems. The results suggest that immigrants' legal status is the primary source of disparities among those examined, with the multivariate analyses revealing large and persistent disparities for unauthorized Latino immigrants relative to most other groups. Moreover, the higher odds of housing cost burden observed for unauthorized immigrants compared with their authorized immigrant counterparts remains substantial, accounting for traditional indicators of immigrant assimilation. These results are consistent with emerging scholarship regarding the role of legal status in shaping immigrant outcomes in the United States.
住房成本是美国家庭支出的一个重要组成部分。那些将很大一部分收入用于住房的人，往往不得不做出艰难的财务决策，这对成年人和儿童都有重大的短期和长期影响。本研究采用2000年至2002年期间收集的洛杉矶家庭与邻里调查（L.A.FANS）第一波的横断面数据，来考察美国最常见的住房可承受性标准，即住房成本支出占收入30%或更多的可能性。对在美国出生的拉丁裔、白人、非裔美国人、合法拉丁裔移民和非法拉丁裔移民的低收入样本进行多变量分析，重点关注因种族、出生地和法律身份而面临成本负担可能性的基线差异和持续差异。每组低收入受访者中近一半或更多人面临住房可承受性问题。结果表明，移民的法律身份是所考察群体之间差异的主要来源，多变量分析显示，相对于大多数其他群体，非法拉丁裔移民存在巨大且持续的差异。此外，与合法移民相比，非法移民面临住房成本负担的几率更高，这一情况仍然很严重，即便考虑了移民同化的传统指标。这些结果与关于法律身份在美国塑造移民结果中所起作用的新学术研究一致。
