Charkazi Abdurrahman, Miraeiz Sayyede Zeynab, Razzaghnejad Atena, Shahnazi Hossein, Hasanzadeh Akbar, Badleh Mohammad T
PhD in Health Education, Department of public health, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, and Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2013 Feb 28;2:9. doi: 10.4103/2277-9531.107938. eCollection 2013.
Breastfeeding depends on social and cultural conditions of societies. Behavior,Attitude, Subjective Norms, Enabling Factors (BASNEF) model is one of the comprehensive models of behavior study, especially in developing countries. This study was performed to investigate the status of breastfeeding during the first two years of infants' life and its risk factors through BASNEF model structures.
In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, 406 mothers with 6-24-month-old babies were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The data were collected using a questionnaire with five sections based on the BASNEF model structures. Demographic characteristics of the studied population were also recorded and analyzed using Chi-square tests and analysis of variance in SPSS18 statistical software.
The prevalence of breastfeeding was 86.4% (351 mothers). Three hundred and thirty three mothers (82%) had good knowledge and there was a significant relationship between knowledge and breastfeeding behavior of mothers (P < 0.05). Two hundred and eighty five mothers (70.2%) had good and very good attitude in this regard. There was no significant relationship between attitude and breastfeeding behavior of mothers (P > 0.05). There was a significant relationship between breastfeeding behavior of mothers and subjective norms of husbands, mother and mother-in-law (P < 0.05); however, no significant relationship was found with regard to enabling factors (P > 0.05). Moreover, no significant relationship was observed between type of children nutrition and variables of delivery mode, maternal age and number of children (P > 0.05).
In addition to knowledge of nursing mothers, supports and encouragement of husbands, mothers and mother-in-laws, as subjective norms of behavior, have a positive impact on the breastfeeding behavior of mothers. Thus, breastfeeding programs should pay more attention to the role of these mentioned factors.
母乳喂养取决于社会的社会和文化条件。行为、态度、主观规范、促成因素（BASNEF）模型是行为研究的综合模型之一，尤其是在发展中国家。本研究旨在通过BASNEF模型结构调查婴儿出生后头两年的母乳喂养状况及其危险因素。
在这项横断面描述性分析研究中，采用多阶段整群抽样方法选取了406名有6至24个月大婴儿的母亲。使用基于BASNEF模型结构的包含五个部分的问卷收集数据。还记录了研究人群的人口统计学特征，并在SPSS18统计软件中使用卡方检验和方差分析进行分析。
母乳喂养的患病率为86.4%（351名母亲）。333名母亲（82%）有良好的知识，母亲的知识与母乳喂养行为之间存在显著关系（P<0.05）。285名母亲（70.2%）在这方面有良好和非常好的态度。母亲的态度与母乳喂养行为之间没有显著关系（P>0.05）。母亲的母乳喂养行为与丈夫、母亲和婆婆的主观规范之间存在显著关系（P<0.05）；然而，在促成因素方面未发现显著关系（P>0.05）。此外，儿童营养类型与分娩方式、产妇年龄和子女数量的变量之间未观察到显著关系（P>0.05）。
除了哺乳母亲的知识外，作为行为的主观规范，丈夫、母亲和婆婆的支持与鼓励对母亲的母乳喂养行为有积极影响。因此，母乳喂养项目应更加关注上述因素的作用。
