Tanaka H, Iwasaki S, Arima M, Nakazawa K
Brain Dev. 1985;7(1):10-20. doi: 10.1016/s0387-7604(85)80054-1.
Fetal cerebral development influenced by maternal ethanol or caffeine either singly or in combination with X-irradiation was investigated in rat. Female Wistar rats were given 20% ethanol, 0.04% caffeine and water during the premating period and pregnancy, and 0.03% vitamin E only during pregnancy. Pregnant rats were X-irradiated with 100R or sham-irradiated on gestational day 13. Ethanol-treatment alone much reduced the fetal body and cerebral weights, and X-irradiation alone resulted in great reductions in weight and DNA concentration in the fetal cerebrum. The reduction in body weight with ethanol exceeded that with X-irradiation, therefore, the addition of X-irradiation had no effect on that of ethanol. The reduction in cerebral weight on X-irradiation exceeded that with ethanol, thus the addition of ethanol had only a slight effect on that with X-irradiation. The decrease in body and cerebral weights and the increase in lipid peroxide (LP) formation on caffeine-treatment and the decrease in cerebral weight and the increase in LP on vitamin E-treatment were inhibited by X-irradiation as compared to the combined effects of the other drink treatments. The increase in placental weight and the decrease in cerebral weight on ethanol-treatment and the decrease in placental, body and cerebral weights on caffeine-treatment, which findings were covered by the addition of X-irradiation, became much clearer on single drink treatment. Independently of X-irradiation, ethanol-treatment resulted in increased fetal mortality and LP, and decreased body weight. These results suggest that the combined effects of maternal agents on live fetuses should be investigated as to whether they act independently of or dependently with each other and how the effects appear either singly or mixed.
在大鼠中研究了母体单独或联合接触乙醇、咖啡因以及X射线对胎儿脑发育的影响。雌性Wistar大鼠在交配前期和孕期给予20%乙醇、0.04%咖啡因和水，孕期仅给予0.03%维生素E。怀孕大鼠在妊娠第13天接受100R的X射线照射或假照射。单独乙醇处理显著降低了胎儿体重和脑重量，单独X射线照射导致胎儿大脑重量和DNA浓度大幅降低。乙醇处理导致的体重降低超过了X射线照射，因此，添加X射线照射对乙醇的影响没有作用。X射线照射导致的脑重量降低超过了乙醇处理，因此，添加乙醇对X射线照射的影响仅产生轻微作用。与其他饮品处理的联合效应相比，X射线照射抑制了咖啡因处理导致的体重和脑重量降低以及脂质过氧化物（LP）形成增加，以及维生素E处理导致的脑重量降低和LP增加。乙醇处理导致的胎盘重量增加和脑重量降低，以及咖啡因处理导致的胎盘、体重和脑重量降低，在添加X射线照射时被掩盖，在单一饮品处理时变得更加明显。与X射线照射无关，乙醇处理导致胎儿死亡率和LP增加，体重降低。这些结果表明，应研究母体因素对活胎儿的联合效应，以确定它们是相互独立作用还是相互依赖作用，以及单独或混合作用时效应如何显现。
