Scott R P, Savarese J J, Basta S J, Sunder N, Ali H H, Gargarian M, Gionfriddo M, Batson A G
Br J Anaesth. 1985 Jun;57(6):550-3. doi: 10.1093/bja/57.6.550.
This study was designed to determine the effects of a rapid bolus dose of atracurium 0.6 mg kg-1 on arterial pressure, heart rate and plasma histamine concentration (n = 9), and to compare these values with those obtained by (a) giving the same dose of atracurium slowly (over 75 s) (n = 9), or (b) pre-treating with H1- and H2- antagonists (n = 9). The rapid (5-s) bolus dose of atracurium i.v. resulted in a significant increase in plasma histamine concentration (P less than 0.05) and was associated with a decrease in mean arterial pressure and an increase in heart rate. Administering the same dose of atracurium slowly (over 75 s) prevented the increase in plasma histamine concentration, and abolished the subsequent haemodynamic response. Pretreatment with cimetidine 4 mg kg-1 i.v. and chlorpheniramine 0.1 mg kg-1 i.v. abolished the haemodynamic response despite a moderate increase in histamine concentration (0.1 greater than P greater than 0.05).
本研究旨在确定快速推注剂量为0.6毫克/千克的阿曲库铵对动脉压、心率和血浆组胺浓度的影响（n = 9），并将这些值与以下情况获得的值进行比较：(a) 缓慢给予相同剂量的阿曲库铵（超过75秒）（n = 9），或 (b) 用H1和H2拮抗剂进行预处理（n = 9）。静脉内快速（5秒）推注阿曲库铵导致血浆组胺浓度显著升高（P < 0.05），并伴有平均动脉压降低和心率增加。缓慢（超过75秒）给予相同剂量的阿曲库铵可防止血浆组胺浓度升高，并消除随后的血流动力学反应。静脉内给予西咪替丁4毫克/千克和氯苯那敏0.1毫克/千克进行预处理，尽管组胺浓度有适度升高（0.1 > P > 0.05），但仍消除了血流动力学反应。
