Edvardsson Kristina, Lindkvist Marie, Eurenius Eva, Mogren Ingrid, Small Rhonda, Ivarsson Anneli
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, SE 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2013 Oct 3;13:923. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-923.
Overweight and obesity in pregnancy increase the risk of several adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, both mothers' and fathers' health play an important role for long-term health outcomes in offspring. While aspects of health and lifestyle of pregnant women have been reported, the health of expectant fathers and correlations of health variables within couples have received less attention. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and socio-demographic patterns of overweight and obesity in Swedish expectant parents, and to assess within-couple associations.
This population-based, cross-sectional study investigated self-reported data from 4352 pregnant women and 3949 expectant fathers, comprising 3356 identified couples. Data were collected in antenatal care clinics between January 2008 and December 2011. Descriptive, correlation and logistic regression analyses were performed.
The self-reported prevalence of overweight (BMI 25.0-29.99) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0) was 29% among women (pre-pregnancy) and 53% among expectant fathers. In a majority of couples (62%), at least one partner was overweight or obese. The odds of being overweight or obese increased relative to partner's overweight or obesity, and women's odds of being obese were more than six times higher if their partners were also obese in comparison with women whose partners were of normal weight (OR 6.2, CI 4.2-9.3). A socio-demographic gradient was found in both genders in relation to education, occupation and area of residence, with higher odds of being obese further down the social ladder. The cumulative influence of these factors showed a substantial increase in the odds of obesity for the least compared to the most privileged (OR 6.5, CI 3.6-11.8).
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in expectant parents was high, with a clear social gradient, and a minority of couples reported both partners with a healthy weight at the onset of pregnancy. Partner influence on health and health behaviours, and the role both mothers and fathers play in health outcomes of their offspring, underpin the need for a more holistic and gender inclusive approach to the delivery of pregnancy care and postnatal and child health services, with active measures employed to involve fathers.
孕期超重和肥胖会增加多种不良妊娠结局的风险。然而，母亲和父亲的健康状况对后代的长期健康结局均起着重要作用。虽然已有关于孕妇健康和生活方式方面的报道，但准父亲的健康状况以及夫妻间健康变量的相关性却较少受到关注。本研究旨在探讨瑞典准父母中超重和肥胖的患病率及社会人口学模式，并评估夫妻间的关联。
这项基于人群的横断面研究调查了4352名孕妇和3949名准父亲的自我报告数据，其中包括3356对已确认的夫妻。数据于2008年1月至2011年12月在产前保健诊所收集。进行了描述性、相关性和逻辑回归分析。
自我报告的超重（BMI 25.0 - 29.99）和肥胖（BMI≥30.0）患病率在女性（孕前）中为29%，在准父亲中为53%。在大多数夫妻（62%）中，至少有一方超重或肥胖。相对于伴侣的超重或肥胖，自身超重或肥胖的几率增加，并且与伴侣体重正常的女性相比，如果伴侣也肥胖，女性肥胖的几率高出六倍多（OR 6.2，CI 4.2 - 9.3）。在教育、职业和居住地区方面，男女均存在社会人口学梯度，社会阶层越低，肥胖几率越高。与最具优势的人群相比，这些因素的累积影响显示最不利人群肥胖几率大幅增加（OR 6.5，CI 3.6 - 11.8）。
准父母中超重和肥胖的患病率很高，且存在明显的社会梯度，少数夫妻报告在怀孕初期双方体重均健康。伴侣对健康和健康行为的影响，以及母亲和父亲在其后代健康结局中所起的作用，凸显了在提供孕期护理、产后及儿童健康服务时需要采取更全面且性别包容的方法，并采取积极措施让父亲参与其中。
