Macefield Vaughan G
School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;117:353-64. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53491-0.00028-6.
The sympathetic nervous system plays important roles in the beat-to-beat control of blood pressure, the control of blood flow through various organs and the maintenance of core temperature through thermoregulatory processes. The development of microneurography, in which nerve activity can be recorded directly from intraneural microelectrodes inserted percutaneously into a peripheral nerve in awake human subjects, has provided a wealth of information on the control of sympathetic outflow to muscle and skin. Although not intended to be diagnostic, recordings of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA) in different disease states have increased our understanding of the operation of the sympathetic nervous system. And while quantification of sympathetic nerve activity is still largely limited to measures of burst frequency (bursts/minute) and burst incidence (bursts/100 heart beats), the development of single-unit recordings of MSNA and SSNA have provided more detailed information on how the sympathetic nervous system grades its output. This chapter reviews the development of sympathetic microneurography and its application in health and disease.
交感神经系统在逐搏控制血压、控制流经各器官的血流以及通过体温调节过程维持核心体温方面发挥着重要作用。微神经ography术的发展使得能够在清醒的人类受试者中，通过经皮插入外周神经的神经内微电极直接记录神经活动，这为交感神经向肌肉和皮肤的输出控制提供了丰富信息。尽管并非用于诊断，但在不同疾病状态下记录肌肉交感神经活动（MSNA）和皮肤交感神经活动（SSNA）增进了我们对交感神经系统运作的理解。虽然交感神经活动的量化在很大程度上仍局限于爆发频率（次/分钟）和爆发发生率（次/100次心跳）的测量，但MSNA和SSNA单单位记录的发展提供了关于交感神经系统如何分级其输出的更详细信息。本章回顾了交感神经微神经ography术的发展及其在健康和疾病中的应用。
