Academic Unit of Psychiatry, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2014 Apr;49(4):629-37. doi: 10.1007/s00127-013-0767-y. Epub 2013 Oct 6.
Studies carried out in the West indicate that the incidence of self-harm (SH) is particularly high amongst adolescents, but few studies have investigated its incidence and aetiology in low-income countries. The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors associated with new onset episodes of SH, amongst Chilean adolescents from low socio-economic backgrounds.
Prospective cohort study nested within a cluster randomised controlled trial. A 6-month follow-up for 2,042 adolescents, median age 14 years, from socio-economically deprived areas of Santiago, Chile.
The lifetime prevalence of SH was 23%. The incidence rate of SH at 6 months was 14% amongst those reporting no SH at baseline. In multivariable analyses, risk factors for incident SH include depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts, poor problem-solving skills and cannabis misuse.
The prevalence and incidence of SH in this socio-economically deprived sample differed highly according to gender. Poor problem-solving skills, suicidal thoughts, and cannabis misuse were associated with onset of SH.
西方的研究表明，自残（SH）在青少年中的发生率特别高，但很少有研究调查其在低收入国家的发生率和病因。本研究旨在调查与智利社会经济背景较差的青少年新发生 SH 相关的风险因素。
前瞻性队列研究嵌套在一项整群随机对照试验中。对来自智利圣地亚哥社会经济贫困地区的 2042 名青少年（中位年龄 14 岁）进行了 6 个月的随访。
SH 的终生患病率为 23%。在基线时无 SH 报告的人群中，6 个月时 SH 的发病率为 14%。多变量分析表明，SH 的发病风险因素包括抑郁症状、自杀意念、解决问题能力差和大麻滥用。
在这个社会经济贫困样本中，SH 的患病率和发病率在很大程度上因性别而异。解决问题能力差、自杀意念和大麻滥用与 SH 的发生有关。
