Graduate School of Business, Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education, Stanford University.
Department of Psychology, University of California.
Emotion. 2014 Jun;14(3):513-21. doi: 10.1037/a0033727. Epub 2013 Oct 7.
Disgust plays an important role in conservatives' moral and political judgments, helping to explain why conservatives and liberals differ in their attitudes on issues related to purity. We examined the extent to which the emotion-regulation strategy reappraisal drives the disgust-conservatism relationship. We hypothesized that disgust has less influence on the political and moral judgments of liberals because they tend to regulate disgust reactions through emotional reappraisal more than conservatives. Study 1a found that a greater tendency to reappraise disgust was negatively associated with conservatism, independent of disgust sensitivity. Study 1b replicated this finding, demonstrating that the effect of reappraisal is unique to disgust. In Study 2, liberals condemned a disgusting act less than conservatives, and did so to the extent that they reappraised their initial disgust response. Study 3 manipulated participants' use of reappraisal when exposed to a video of men kissing. Conservatives instructed to reappraise their emotional reactions subsequently expressed more support for same-sex marriage than conservatives in the control condition, demonstrating attitudes statistically equivalent to liberal participants.
厌恶感在保守派的道德和政治判断中起着重要作用，有助于解释为什么保守派和自由派在与纯洁性相关的问题上的态度存在差异。我们研究了情绪调节策略重新评估在多大程度上驱动了厌恶感与保守主义之间的关系。我们假设，厌恶感对自由派的政治和道德判断的影响较小，因为他们往往通过情绪重新评估来调节厌恶反应，而不是像保守派那样。研究 1a 发现，重新评估厌恶感的倾向越大，与保守主义的关系就越负面，而与厌恶感的敏感性无关。研究 1b 复制了这一发现，表明重新评估的效果是厌恶感所特有的。在研究 2 中，自由派谴责令人厌恶的行为比保守派少，而且他们会根据重新评估自己最初的厌恶反应的程度来谴责。在研究 3 中，当参与者观看男人亲吻的视频时，我们操纵了他们重新评估的使用。被指示重新评估自己情绪反应的保守派随后表示对同性婚姻的支持程度高于对照组中的保守派，这表明他们的态度在统计学上与自由派参与者相当。
