Zhang Feng, Chen Zhen, Dong Rui-Rui, Deharveng Louis, Stevens Mark I, Huang Ya-Hong, Zhu Chao-Dong
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China; Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2014 Jan;70:231-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.09.024. Epub 2013 Oct 4.
Entomobryidae is the largest family in Collembola but relationships within the family have never been subjected to rigorous phylogenetic analyses. Within the family, body scales are present in many species, and are fundamental in the classification at the subfamilial and tribal levels. A molecular phylogeny was reconstructed using the nuclear 18SrRNA and partial 28SrRNA and the mitochondrial 16SrRNA to examine the evolution of scales across Entomobryidae subfamilies. These datasets were analyzed separately and combined, with parsimony, likelihood and Bayesian algorithms. Monophyly of Orchesellinae was not recovered, and it was split into a scaled clade and an unscaled clade, contradicting to all recent taxonomic conceptions. The monophyly of Entomobryinae, Seirinae and Lepidocyrtinae is well supported however within Entomobryinae, the polyphyly of Entomobryini and Willowsiini implies that classification using the presence/absence of scales is not valid. Analyses of ancestral character state reconstruction in Entomobryidae indicate that the presence of body scales have evolved independently at least five times, with a loss of scales occurring independently at least twice. A revision of the family Entomobryidae on molecular and morphological basis is clearly needed.
球角跳虫科是弹尾目中最大的科，但该科内部的亲缘关系从未经过严格的系统发育分析。在这个科中，许多物种都有体表鳞片，并且鳞片是亚科和族级分类的基础。利用核18SrRNA、部分28SrRNA和线粒体16SrRNA重建了分子系统发育，以研究球角跳虫科各亚科鳞片的进化。这些数据集分别进行了分析，并结合简约法、似然法和贝叶斯算法进行分析。长角跳虫亚科的单系性未得到恢复，它被分为一个有鳞片的分支和一个无鳞片的分支，这与所有最近的分类概念相矛盾。然而，球角跳虫亚科、锯角跳虫亚科和鳞角跳虫亚科的单系性得到了很好的支持，不过在球角跳虫亚科内，球角跳虫族和维氏跳虫族的多系性意味着使用鳞片的有无进行分类是无效的。对球角跳虫科的祖先特征状态重建分析表明，体表鳞片的出现至少独立进化了五次，鳞片的消失至少独立发生了两次。显然需要在分子和形态学基础上对球角跳虫科进行修订。
