Langford M P, Barber J C, Sklar V E, Clark S W, Patriarca P A, Onarato I M, Yin-Murphy M, Stanton G J
Curr Eye Res. 1985 Mar;4(3):233-9. doi: 10.3109/02713688509000855.
Virus-specific, early appearing neutralizing activities (ENA) and interferon (IFN) were detected in tears collected from patients during epidemics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC). In one study, ENA that neutralized enterovirus type 70 (EV70) was detected in tears collected from 114 of 130 AHC patients in Florida. In another study, ENA against coxsackievirus type A24 (CA24) was detected in tears collected from 39 of 57 patients in Singapore with AHC caused by CA24. No tear samples contained ENAs to both EV70 and CA24. Tear samples from uninfected eyes did not contain ENA to EV70 or CA24. ENA to EV70 was detected in 6 of 11 patients 1-6h before the onset of AHC. In addition, tears of 68% of patients seen on the day of onset produced tears that contained ENA to EV70. Thus, ENA to EV70 may be detected less than 24h after infection (based on 24h incubation period). IFN beta was detected in 30% of tear samples collected from patients on the day of onset of AHC caused by EV70. This finding suggested that ENA and IFN could act together to inhibit primary infections of AHC. It was found that the combination of ENA and IFN inhibited virus replication synergistically (greater than or equal to 300 fold reduction) in preinfected cells. Our findings suggest that ENA represents a previously unreported early defense mechanism of the eye, that endogenous ENA and endogenous IFN could inhibit viruses synergistically in vivo, and that ENA in tears could be useful in identifying the agent causing AHC.
在急性出血性结膜炎（AHC）流行期间，从患者采集的泪液中检测到了病毒特异性的早期出现的中和活性（ENA）和干扰素（IFN）。在一项研究中，从佛罗里达州130例AHC患者中的114例采集的泪液中检测到了中和70型肠道病毒（EV70）的ENA。在另一项研究中，从新加坡57例由A24型柯萨奇病毒（CA24）引起的AHC患者中的39例采集的泪液中检测到了抗CA24的ENA。没有泪液样本同时含有针对EV70和CA24的ENA。未感染眼睛的泪液样本中未含有针对EV70或CA24的ENA。在11例患者中，有6例在AHC发病前1 - 6小时检测到针对EV70的ENA。此外，在发病当天就诊的患者中，68%的患者泪液中含有针对EV70的ENA。因此，感染后不到24小时（基于24小时潜伏期）可能检测到针对EV70的ENA。在由EV70引起的AHC发病当天采集的患者泪液样本中，30%检测到了IFNβ。这一发现表明ENA和IFN可能共同作用以抑制AHC的原发性感染。研究发现，ENA和IFN的组合在预感染细胞中协同抑制病毒复制（降低幅度大于或等于300倍）。我们的研究结果表明，ENA代表了一种先前未报道的眼部早期防御机制，内源性ENA和内源性IFN在体内可协同抑制病毒，并且泪液中的ENA可用于鉴定引起AHC的病原体。
