Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 5, Prague 2, 128 44, Czech Republic.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2013 Oct;15(11):2004-15. doi: 10.1039/c3em00388d.
Heavy metal contamination, low pH and high substrate heterogeneity are multiple stress factors that often occur at the post-mining sites and make difficult the biological reclamation. Efficient tools for detection of the status of reclaimed vegetation at post-mining sites are needed. We tested the potential of visible to near-infrared (VNIR) spectroscopy to detect multiple stresses in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) at acidic substrates rich in As. The needle chemical traits (chlorophyll a + b - Cab; carotenoids - Car; Car/Cab; relative water content - RWC; soluble phenolics; lignin contents) were tested for sensitivity to different soil conditions of post-mining sites. For Scots pine growing on degraded substrates, at least three non-specific stress indicators (RWC, photosynthetic pigments and phenolics) are required to achieve good site separability corresponding to the stress load. We constructed and validated empirical models of selected needle chemical traits using VNIR spectroscopy: calibration of Cab (R(2) = 0.97, RMSE = 0.17 mg g(-1)), RWC (R(2) = 0.88, RMSE = 1.41 mg g(-1)), Car (R(2) = 0.66, RMSE = 0.08 mg g(-1)), phenolics (R(2) = 0.64, RMSE = 23.01 mg g(-1)) and lignin (R(2) = 0.45, RMSE = 3.32 mg g(-1)). The reflectance data yielded comparable site separability with the separability calculated from the laboratory data. The presented approach has potential for large-scale monitoring of Scots pine status, thus, assessment of reclamation quality in post-mining regions using air-born or satellite hyperspectral data.
重金属污染、低 pH 值和高基质异质性是采矿后场地经常出现的多种胁迫因素，使得生物修复变得困难。需要有效的工具来检测采矿后场地植被恢复的状况。我们测试了可见近红外（VNIR）光谱在检测富含砷的酸性基质中欧洲赤松（Pinus sylvestris L.）多种胁迫的潜力。测试了针叶化学特征（叶绿素 a + b-Cab；类胡萝卜素-Car；Car/Cab；相对含水量-RWC；可溶性酚类；木质素含量）对采矿后场地不同土壤条件的敏感性。对于在退化基质上生长的欧洲赤松，至少需要三个非特异性胁迫指标（RWC、光合色素和酚类）来实现良好的站点可分离性，对应于胁迫负荷。我们使用 VNIR 光谱构建并验证了选定针叶化学特征的经验模型：Cab（R² = 0.97，RMSE = 0.17 mg g⁻¹）、RWC（R² = 0.88，RMSE = 1.41 mg g⁻¹）、Car（R² = 0.66，RMSE = 0.08 mg g⁻¹）、酚类（R² = 0.64，RMSE = 23.01 mg g⁻¹）和木质素（R² = 0.45，RMSE = 3.32 mg g⁻¹）的校准。反射率数据产生了与实验室数据计算出的可分离性相当的站点可分离性。该方法具有大规模监测欧洲赤松状况的潜力，因此，可使用航空或卫星高光谱数据评估采矿后地区的复垦质量。
