Lundblad L, Brodin E, Lundberg J M, Anggård A
Acta Otolaryngol. 1985 Jul-Aug;100(1-2):117-27. doi: 10.3109/00016488509108596.
Local and systemic capsaicin pretreatment as well cryosurgery induced a long-lasting loss of sensory substance P-immunoreactive nerves in the guinea-pig nasal mucosa. In addition, cryosurgery caused a loss of noradrenergic sympathetic nerves, sclerosis of blood vessels, epithelial damage and fibrosis of the mucosa. The sneezing response to local application of capsaicin--but not that to nicotine--was reduced or abolished by capsaicin pretreatment and cryosurgery, while the response to tactile stimulation was unaffected. These effects were long-lasting and still present 2 months after treatment. Local capsaicin pretreatment of the nasal mucosa had no effects on the substance P levels or the Evans Blue extravasation response to i.v. capsaicin in the ureter, indicating that this treatment has no systemic effects on other afferent SP-neurons. It is suggested that local capsaicin pretreatment is a more selective and less traumatic method than cryosurgery to induce a long-lasting desensitization of the nasal mucosa to chemical irritants in hyperreactive disorders of the nose.
局部和全身辣椒素预处理以及冷冻手术均可导致豚鼠鼻黏膜中感觉性P物质免疫反应性神经长期丧失。此外，冷冻手术还会导致去甲肾上腺素能交感神经丧失、血管硬化、上皮损伤和黏膜纤维化。辣椒素预处理和冷冻手术可降低或消除局部应用辣椒素（而非尼古丁）引起的喷嚏反应，而对触觉刺激的反应不受影响。这些效应持续时间长，治疗后2个月仍存在。鼻黏膜局部辣椒素预处理对输尿管中P物质水平或静脉注射辣椒素引起的伊文思蓝外渗反应没有影响，表明该治疗对其他传入性P物质神经元没有全身作用。有人认为，在鼻部高反应性疾病中，局部辣椒素预处理是一种比冷冻手术更具选择性且创伤性更小的方法，可使鼻黏膜对化学刺激产生长期脱敏。
