Alcohol and Drug Assessment Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Addiction. 2014 Jan;109(1):111-9. doi: 10.1111/add.12366. Epub 2013 Oct 28.
Self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectancies are central to Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Alcohol studies demonstrate the theoretical and clinical utility of applying both SCT constructs. This study examined the relationship between refusal self-efficacy and outcome expectancies in a sample of cannabis users, and tested formal mediational models.
Patients referred for cannabis treatment completed a comprehensive clinical assessment, including recently validated cannabis expectancy and refusal self-efficacy scales.
A hospital alcohol and drug out-patient clinic.
Patients referred for a cannabis treatment [n = 1115, mean age 26.29, standard deviation (SD) 9.39].
The Cannabis Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) and Cannabis Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (CRSEQ) were completed, along with measures of cannabis severity [Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS)] and cannabis consumption.
Positive (β = -0.29, P < 0.001) and negative (β = -0.19, P < 0.001) cannabis outcome expectancies were associated significantly with refusal self-efficacy. Refusal self-efficacy, in turn, fully mediated the association between negative expectancy and weekly consumption [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.03, 0.17] and partially mediated the effect of positive expectancy on weekly consumption (95% CI = 0.06, 0.17).
Consistent with Social Cognitive Theory, refusal self-efficacy (a person's belief that he or she can abstain from cannabis use) mediates part of the association between cannabis outcome expectancies (perceived consequences of cannabis use) and cannabis use.
自我效能信念和结果期望是社会认知理论（SCT）的核心。酒精研究表明，应用 SCT 结构具有理论和临床意义。本研究在大麻使用者样本中检验了拒绝效能和结果期望之间的关系，并测试了正式的中介模型。
接受大麻治疗的患者完成了全面的临床评估，包括最近验证的大麻期望和拒绝效能量表。
一家医院酒精和毒品门诊。
接受大麻治疗的患者[n=1115，平均年龄 26.29，标准差（SD）9.39]。
完成了大麻期望问卷（CEQ）和大麻拒绝自我效能问卷（CRSEQ），以及大麻严重程度[依赖程度量表（SDS）]和大麻消费的测量。
积极（β=-0.29，P<0.001）和消极（β=-0.19，P<0.001）的大麻结果期望与拒绝效能显著相关。反过来，拒绝自我效能完全中介了消极期望与每周消费之间的关系[95%置信区间（CI）=0.03，0.17]，部分中介了积极期望对每周消费的影响（95% CI=0.06，0.17）。
与社会认知理论一致，拒绝自我效能（一个人相信自己能够戒除大麻使用）中介了大麻结果期望（大麻使用的预期后果）和大麻使用之间的部分关系。
