Alcohol and Drug Assessment Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Jun 1;115(3):167-74. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.025. Epub 2010 Dec 16.
Outcome expectancies are a key cognitive construct in the etiology, assessment and treatment of Substance Use Disorders. There is a research and clinical need for a cannabis expectancy measure validated in a clinical sample of cannabis users.
The Cannabis Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) was subjected to exploratory (n=501, mean age 27.45, 78% male) and confirmatory (n=505, mean age 27.69, 78% male) factor analysis in two separate samples of cannabis users attending an outpatient cannabis treatment program. Weekly cannabis consumption was clinically assessed and patients completed the Severity of Dependence Scale-Cannabis (SDS-C) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).
Two factors representing Negative Cannabis Expectancies and Positive Cannabis Expectancies were identified. These provided a robust statistical and conceptual fit for the data. Internal reliabilities were high. Negative expectancies were associated with greater dependence severity (as measured by the SDS) and positive expectancies with higher consumption. The interaction of positive and negative expectancies was consistently significantly associated with self-reported functioning across all four GHQ-28 scales (Somatic Concerns, Anxiety, Social Dysfunction and Depression). Specifically, within the context of high positive cannabis expectancy, higher negative expectancy was predictive of more impaired functioning. By contrast, within the context of low positive cannabis expectancy, higher negative expectancy was predictive of better functioning.
The CEQ is the first cannabis expectancy measure to be validated in a sample of cannabis users in treatment. Negative and positive cannabis expectancy domains were uniquely associated with consumption, dependence severity and self-reported mental health functioning.
预期结果是物质使用障碍的病因学、评估和治疗中的一个关键认知结构。在临床样本中验证大麻预期测量值的研究和临床需求。
在两个单独的门诊大麻治疗项目的大麻使用者样本中，对大麻期望问卷（CEQ）进行了探索性（n=501，平均年龄 27.45，78%为男性）和验证性（n=505，平均年龄 27.69，78%为男性）因素分析。每周大麻消费由临床评估，患者完成依赖程度量表-大麻（SDS-C）和一般健康问卷（GHQ-28）。
确定了代表负大麻预期和正大麻预期的两个因素。这些因素为数据提供了强大的统计和概念拟合。内部可靠性很高。负预期与更高的依赖严重程度（由 SDS 测量）相关，而正预期与更高的消费相关。积极和消极期望的相互作用与所有四个 GHQ-28 量表（躯体关注、焦虑、社会功能障碍和抑郁）的自我报告功能始终显著相关。具体来说，在高正大麻预期的背景下，更高的负预期预示着功能受损更严重。相比之下，在低正大麻预期的情况下，更高的负预期预示着更好的功能。
CEQ 是第一个在治疗中的大麻使用者样本中验证的大麻预期测量值。负和正大麻预期领域与消费、依赖严重程度和自我报告的心理健康功能独特相关。
