Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Structural Biology, Amsterdam NL-1081 HV, The Netherlands.
Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Oct 14;14(10):20359-85. doi: 10.3390/ijms141020359.
The increase in soil salinity poses a serious threat to agricultural yields. Under salinity stress, several Na⁺ transporters play an essential role in Na⁺ tolerance in plants. Amongst all Na+ transporters, HKT has been shown to have a crucial role in both mono and dicotyledonous plants in the tolerance to salinity stress. Here we present an overview of the physiological role of HKT transporters in plant Na⁺ homeostasis. HKT regulation and amino acids important to the correct function of HKT transporters are reviewed. The functions of the most recently characterized HKT members from both HKT1 and HKT2 subfamilies are also discussed. Topics that still need to be studied in future research (e.g., HKT regulation) as well as research suggestions (e.g., generation of HKT mutants) are addressed.
土壤盐度的增加对农业产量构成了严重威胁。在盐胁迫下，几种 Na⁺转运蛋白在植物的 Na⁺耐受中发挥着重要作用。在所有的 Na+转运蛋白中，HKT 已被证明在单子叶和双子叶植物耐受盐胁迫中具有关键作用。本文综述了 HKT 转运蛋白在植物 Na⁺稳态中的生理作用。综述了 HKT 转运蛋白的调节以及对其正常功能重要的氨基酸。还讨论了最近从 HKT1 和 HKT2 亚家族中鉴定的 HKT 成员的功能。讨论了未来研究中仍需要研究的课题（例如 HKT 的调节）和研究建议（例如 HKT 突变体的产生）。
