Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St, Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, #505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
World J Surg Oncol. 2013 Oct 17;11:279. doi: 10.1186/1477-7819-11-279.
Benign leiomyomas of the uterus are uncommonly found in association with benign smooth muscle tumors beyond the confines of the uterus. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disease in which the lung is described to be the most afflicted extrauterine organ. We present a brief review of the literature, along with case reports for four patients who were followed up after resection of a pulmonary lesion or after pathological confirmation by biopsy. The clinical course of BML varies from chronic asymptomatic appearance to rapid progression, leading to respiratory failure and death. Our BML patients did not complain of pulmonary symptoms, such as cough, dyspnea, or chest tightness. Pathology revealed benign leiomyomas with no atypia and mitotic activity <5 per 10 high-power field. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for actin and desmin. A standard treatment for BML has not yet been established. Because of the hormone-sensitive characteristics of BML, treatments are based on hormonal manipulation along with either surgical or medical oophorectomy. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma can be observed in postmenopausal women. We observed four patients who did not receive adjuvant hormonal therapy because they were postmenopausal or perimenopausal. All patients are still healthy and show no evidence of recurrence or progression of the disease.
子宫良性平滑肌瘤罕见地与超出子宫范围的良性平滑肌肿瘤相关。良性转移性平滑肌瘤（BML）是一种罕见疾病，肺部是最常受累的子宫外器官。我们简要回顾了文献，并报告了 4 例患者的病例，这些患者在肺部病变切除或经活检病理证实后进行了随访。BML 的临床病程从慢性无症状表现到快速进展不等，导致呼吸衰竭和死亡。我们的 BML 患者没有出现肺部症状，如咳嗽、呼吸困难或胸闷。病理显示为良性平滑肌瘤，无异型性和每 10 个高倍视野 <5 个有丝分裂活性。免疫组织化学染色为肌动蛋白和结蛋白阳性。BML 的标准治疗尚未确定。由于 BML 具有激素敏感性特征，治疗基于激素操作以及手术或药物卵巢切除术。BML 可发生在绝经后妇女中。我们观察到 4 例患者未接受辅助激素治疗，因为她们处于绝经后或围绝经期。所有患者仍然健康，没有疾病复发或进展的迹象。
