Giebel L B, van Santen V L, Slightom J L, Spritz R A
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(20):6985-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.20.6985.
The single gamma-globin gene of the New World spider monkey Ateles geoffroyi is similar to other primate genes of the beta-globin gene cluster ("beta-like" globin genes). The number of nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions between the coding regions of Ateles and other primate gamma-globin genes suggests that the Platyrrhine and Catarrhine evolutionary lines diverged approximately equal to 40 million years ago, an estimate reasonably consistent with the fossil record. However, the number of synonymous coding region and noncoding base differences is much smaller than predicted by various molecular "clocks." This suggests that the rate of synonymous coding and noncoding base substitution has not been constant per absolute time in primate lineages. Expression of the cloned Ateles gamma-globin gene in cultured monkey cells showed that the sequence AAUAAA near the mRNA 3' terminus is not sufficient to define the site of transcript polyadenylylation.
新大陆蜘蛛猴（Ateles geoffroyi）的单个γ-珠蛋白基因与β-珠蛋白基因簇的其他灵长类基因（“类β”珠蛋白基因）相似。蜘蛛猴与其他灵长类γ-珠蛋白基因编码区之间非同义核苷酸替换的数量表明，阔鼻猴类和狭鼻猴类的进化谱系大约在4000万年前分化，这一估计与化石记录相当一致。然而，同义编码区和非编码碱基差异的数量远小于各种分子“时钟”的预测值。这表明在灵长类谱系中，同义编码和非编码碱基替换的速率并非每绝对时间恒定不变。在培养的猴细胞中克隆的蜘蛛猴γ-珠蛋白基因的表达表明，mRNA 3'末端附近的序列AAUAAA不足以确定转录本聚腺苷酸化的位点。
