患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的成年人与患有其他精神疾病的成年人的神经心理功能。
Neuropsychological Functioning in Adults With ADHD and Adults With Other Psychiatric Disorders.
作者信息
Holst Ylva, Thorell Lisa B
机构信息
1 Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
2 Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2017 Jan;21(2):137-148. doi: 10.1177/1087054713506264. Epub 2016 Jul 28.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to investigate how well neuropsychological measures can discriminate between adults with ADHD and those with other psychiatric disorders.
METHOD
Adults with ADHD and a clinical control group ( n = 110) were included. Neuropsychological functioning was investigated using measures of inhibition, working memory, set shifting, planning, fluency, reaction-time variability, and delay aversion.
RESULTS
Adults with ADHD performed more poorly compared with clinical controls with regard to all constructs. The effects of verbal memory, inhibition, set shifting, fluency, and delay aversion remained significant when controlling for IQ. However, when controlling for basic cognitive functions, only the effects of inhibition, fluency, and delay aversion were significant. Sensitivity ranged between 64% and 75%, and specificity between 66% and 81%.
CONCLUSION
Neuropsychological tests have a relatively poor ability to discriminate between adults with ADHD and clinical controls, but they may be used to identify individuals at particularly high risk for poor daily functioning.
目的
旨在研究神经心理学测量方法在区分患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的成年人与患有其他精神疾病的成年人方面的效果如何。
方法
纳入患有ADHD的成年人和一个临床对照组（n = 110）。使用抑制、工作记忆、任务转换、计划、流畅性、反应时变异性和延迟厌恶等测量方法对神经心理功能进行研究。
结果
与临床对照组相比，患有ADHD的成年人在所有指标上表现更差。在控制智商后，言语记忆、抑制、任务转换、流畅性和延迟厌恶的影响仍然显著。然而，在控制基本认知功能后，只有抑制、流畅性和延迟厌恶的影响显著。敏感性在64%至75%之间，特异性在66%至81%之间。
结论
神经心理学测试在区分患有ADHD的成年人与临床对照组方面能力相对较差，但它们可用于识别日常功能特别差风险高的个体。
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