City University of New York at Hunter College and The Graduate Center, New York, New York; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2013 Nov;1304:14-21. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12291. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
Suicide attempts are more common in adolescence than in any other time in life, despite the low prevalence of actual suicide deaths among adolescents. Studies of adolescent suicide risk tend to focus on factors such as psychiatric diagnosis--particularly depression--and history of previous suicide attempts in predicting risk of future suicidal behavior. However, given that a large number of adolescent suicides are first-time attempts, understanding the circumstances that precede suicide attempts--including the nature of suicidal ideation and of the cognitive and emotional responses that precede ideation--is a critical part of preventing a potentially lethal attempt. We review the psychological precipitants that may inform how suicidal thoughts are transferred into action and examine the risk conferred by having a history of previous suicide attempts and ideation.
自杀企图在青少年中比在一生中的任何其他时间都更为常见，尽管青少年实际自杀死亡的发生率很低。青少年自杀风险的研究往往侧重于预测未来自杀行为风险的因素，如精神科诊断——特别是抑郁症——和以前自杀企图的历史。然而，鉴于大量青少年自杀是首次尝试，了解自杀企图之前的情况——包括自杀意念的性质以及意念之前的认知和情绪反应——是预防潜在致命尝试的关键部分。我们回顾了可能告知自杀念头如何转化为行动的心理促成因素，并研究了以前有自杀企图和自杀意念史所带来的风险。
