[对2009年墨西哥孕产妇死亡情况的分析]
[Analysis of maternal deaths in Mexico occurred during 2009].
作者信息
Fajardo-Dolci Germán, Meljem-Moctezuma José, Vicente-González Esther, Venegas-Páez Francisco Vicente, Villalba-Espinoza Ignacio, Pérez-Cardoso Ana Luisa, Barrón-Saldaña Dante Adrián, Montesinos-Gómez Gabriela, Aguirre Güemez Ana Valeria, Novoa-Boldo Alejandro, Mendoza-Larios Laura Alejandra, López-González Rosa, Mazón-González Betania, Aguirre-Gas Héctor Gerardo
机构信息
Comisión Nacional de Arbitraje Médico, Distrito Federal, México, Mexico.
出版信息
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2013 Sep-Oct;51(5):486-95.
BACKGROUND
Mexico reported 955 maternal deaths in 2011, with a ratio of 49 deaths per 100,000 live births. For 2015, the WHO commitment is to reduce the ratio to 22, equivalent to 415 maternal deaths.
METHODS
it is a descriptive and retrospective study. In 1257 maternal deaths in 2009, we reviewed a sample of 173 records. Simple frequencies and percentages were calculated.
RESULTS
direct causes of maternal death were preeclampsia-eclampsia, infection and obstetrical hemorrhage secondary to uterine atony, placental accreta and placenta previa. Fifteen patients died from abortion complications. Four patients died from extra-uterine pregnancy, because of delayed diagnosis and treatment. Indirect causes of maternal death were neoplasms, abdominal sepsis, vascular events, metabolic problems and heart disease; twenty-five patients died of atypical pneumonia and 11 more of influenza A H1N1.
CONCLUSIONS
it is feasible to reduce maternal mortality by means of an adequate prenatal care, in quantity and quality of consultations, and avoiding high risk pregnancies caused by a history of obstetric factors and associated severe diseases. Influenza A H1N1 interrupted the downward trend in maternal mortality.
背景
墨西哥2011年报告有955例孕产妇死亡，每10万例活产中有49例死亡。到2015年，世界卫生组织的目标是将这一比例降至22，即415例孕产妇死亡。
方法
这是一项描述性回顾性研究。在2009年的1257例孕产妇死亡病例中，我们回顾了173份记录样本。计算了简单频率和百分比。
结果
孕产妇死亡的直接原因是子痫前期-子痫、感染以及子宫收缩乏力、胎盘植入和前置胎盘导致的产科出血。15例患者死于流产并发症。4例患者死于宫外孕，原因是诊断和治疗延误。孕产妇死亡的间接原因是肿瘤、腹部败血症、血管事件、代谢问题和心脏病；25例患者死于非典型肺炎，另有11例死于甲型H1N1流感。
结论
通过提供足够数量和质量的产前检查，并避免因产科因素病史和相关严重疾病导致的高危妊娠，降低孕产妇死亡率是可行的。甲型H1N1流感中断了孕产妇死亡率的下降趋势。
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