Jonsdottir Thorbjorg, Aspelund Thor, Jonsdottir Helga, Gunnarsdottir Sigridur
Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik; Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Akureyri, Akureyri, Iceland.
Centre of Public Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Pain Manag Nurs. 2014 Sep;15(3):641-51. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2013.07.005. Epub 2013 Oct 19.
To establish the scope of the problem of chronic pain in the population, we need to extend the focus on prevalence, the most frequently studied factor. Among other important factors is the complex relationship between the temporal characteristics of pain and their impact on peoples' lives. The purpose of the present study was to describe the characteristics of chronic pain, including pattern, severity, location, spread, and duration, in a population-based sample and to investigate the relationships between pain pattern and impact on the individual's life measured by interference with life and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In this cross-sectional study, a postal questionnaire measuring pain characteristics, life interference (Brief Pain Inventory), and HRQoL (Short Form 36 Health Survey), was sent to a sample of 4,500 individuals, randomly drawn from the Icelandic National Register. The total response rate was 36.9% and was significantly higher among native Icelanders (40.6%) than individuals of non-Icelandic origin (8.6%).The prevalence of chronic pain (≥3 months) was 47.5% with mean duration of 9.3 years, and 31.9% reported constant pain. Participants with constant pain reported higher life interference scores and less HRQoL than participants with intermittent or periodic pain. Hierarchical stepwise regression analyses showed that pain pattern and severity accounted for 44.4% variance for life interference. The range of the variances for these variables for the five domains of HRQoL was from 7.3% (mental health) to 53.3% (bodily pain). Pain pattern and severity are the most significant predictors of the impact of chronic pain on individual's daily life.
为确定人群中慢性疼痛问题的范围，我们需要扩大对患病率这一最常研究因素的关注。其他重要因素还包括疼痛的时间特征及其对人们生活的影响之间的复杂关系。本研究的目的是描述基于人群样本中慢性疼痛的特征，包括疼痛模式、严重程度、位置、扩散情况和持续时间，并调查疼痛模式与通过生活干扰以及健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）衡量的对个体生活影响之间的关系。在这项横断面研究中，一份测量疼痛特征、生活干扰（简明疼痛量表）和HRQoL（健康调查简表36）的邮政问卷被发送给从冰岛国家登记册中随机抽取的4500名个体。总回复率为36.9%，冰岛本地人（40.6%）的回复率显著高于非冰岛裔个体（8.6%）。慢性疼痛（≥3个月）的患病率为47.5%，平均持续时间为9.3年，31.9%的人报告有持续性疼痛。与间歇性或周期性疼痛的参与者相比，持续性疼痛的参与者报告的生活干扰得分更高，HRQoL更低。分层逐步回归分析表明，疼痛模式和严重程度解释了生活干扰44.4%的方差。这些变量在HRQoL五个领域的方差范围从7.3%（心理健康）到53.3%（身体疼痛）。疼痛模式和严重程度是慢性疼痛对个体日常生活影响的最重要预测因素。
