Polymer Materials Unit, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
Nat Commun. 2013;4:2653. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3653.
There are increasing requirements worldwide for advanced separation materials with applications in environmental protection processes. Various mesoporous polymeric materials have been developed and they are considered as potential candidates. It is still challenging, however, to develop economically viable and durable separation materials from low-cost, mass-produced materials. Here we report the fabrication of a nanofibrous network structure from common polymers, based on a microphase separation technique from frozen polymer solutions. The resulting polymer nanofibre networks exhibit large free surface areas, exceeding 300 m(2) g(-1), as well as small pore radii as low as 1.9 nm. These mesoporous polymer materials are able to rapidly adsorb and desorb a large amount of carbon dioxide and are also capable of condensing organic vapours. Furthermore, the nanofibres made of engineering plastics with high glass transition temperatures over 200 °C exhibit surprisingly high, temperature-dependent adsorption of organic solvents from aqueous solution.
全球对应用于环境保护过程的先进分离材料的需求日益增加。已经开发出各种中孔聚合物材料，它们被认为是潜在的候选材料。然而，开发具有成本效益和耐用性的分离材料仍然具有挑战性，需要从低成本、大规模生产的材料中实现。在这里，我们报告了一种基于冷冻聚合物溶液的微相分离技术，从常见聚合物制备纳米纤维网络结构。所得的聚合物纳米纤维网络具有大的自由表面面积，超过 300 m(2) g(-1)，以及低至 1.9 nm 的小孔径。这些中孔聚合物材料能够快速吸附和脱附大量的二氧化碳，并且还能够冷凝有机蒸气。此外，由玻璃化转变温度高于 200°C 的工程塑料制成的纳米纤维出人意料地表现出对水溶液中有机溶剂的高、温度依赖性吸附。
