de Kleine Rianne A, Rothbaum Barbara O, van Minnen Agnes
Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands ; Overwaal, Centre for Anxiety Disorders (Pro Persona), Nijmegen, the Netherlands ; NijCare, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2013 Oct 17;4:21626. doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.21626.
There is a good amount of evidence that exposure therapy is an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Notwithstanding its efficacy, there is room for improvement, since a large proportion of patients does not benefit from treatment. Recently, an interesting new direction in the improvement of exposure therapy efficacy for PTSD emerged. Basic research found evidence of the pharmacological enhancement of the underlying learning and memory processes of exposure therapy. The current review aims to give an overview of clinical studies on pharmacological enhancement of exposure-based treatment for PTSD. The working mechanisms, efficacy studies in PTSD patients, and clinical utility of four different pharmacological enhancers will be discussed: d-cycloserine, MDMA, hydrocortisone, and propranolol.
有大量证据表明，暴露疗法是治疗创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的有效方法。尽管其疗效显著，但仍有改进空间，因为很大一部分患者并未从治疗中获益。最近，在提高PTSD暴露疗法疗效方面出现了一个有趣的新方向。基础研究发现了药物增强暴露疗法潜在学习和记忆过程的证据。本综述旨在概述关于药物增强PTSD暴露疗法的临床研究。将讨论四种不同药物增强剂的作用机制、对PTSD患者的疗效研究以及临床实用性：d-环丝氨酸、摇头丸、氢化可的松和普萘洛尔。
