Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA,
J Youth Adolesc. 2014 Mar;43(3):329-42. doi: 10.1007/s10964-013-0042-2. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
American Indian researchers and scholars have emphasized the importance of identifying variables that promote resilience and protect against the development of psychopathology in American Indian youth. The present study examined the role of self-regulation, specifically goal characteristics (i.e., goal self-efficacy, goal specificity, intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation, and goal conflict) and dispositional optimism, as well as cultural identity and self-reported academic grades in the depressive experiences of American Indian youth from a North American plains tribe. One hundred and sixty-four participants (53% female) completed measures of goal representations, cultural identity, dispositional optimism, academic performance, and depressive symptoms. Results supported a model in which higher goal self-efficacy, American Indian cultural identity, grade point average, and dispositional optimism each significantly predicted fewer depressive symptoms. Moreover, grade point average and goal self-efficacy had both direct and indirect (through dispositional optimism) relationships with depressive symptoms. Our findings underscore the importance of cognitive self-regulatory processes and cultural identity in the depressive experiences for these American Indian youth and may have implications for youth interventions attempting to increase resiliency and decrease risk for depressive symptoms.
美国印第安研究人员和学者强调了确定促进美国印第安青年适应力和预防心理病理学发展的变量的重要性。本研究考察了自我调节的作用，特别是目标特征（即目标自我效能、目标具体性、内在动机与外在动机、目标冲突）和特质性乐观，以及文化认同和自我报告的学业成绩，这些因素在美国印第安平原部落青年的抑郁经历中的作用。164 名参与者（53%为女性）完成了目标表现、文化认同、特质性乐观、学业成绩和抑郁症状的测量。结果支持了一个模型，即较高的目标自我效能、美国印第安文化认同、平均绩点和特质性乐观都能显著预测较少的抑郁症状。此外，平均绩点和目标自我效能与抑郁症状之间既有直接关系，也有通过特质性乐观的间接关系。我们的研究结果强调了认知自我调节过程和文化认同在这些美国印第安青年抑郁经历中的重要性，这可能对试图提高适应力和降低抑郁症状风险的青年干预措施具有重要意义。
