University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
J Behav Med. 2010 Apr;33(2):123-34. doi: 10.1007/s10865-009-9238-z. Epub 2009 Nov 29.
It has been proposed that dispositional optimism is positively associated with treatment program engagement. However, conflicting evidence exists regarding this relationship. We examined whether the importance of a treatment goal moderates this association. In Study 1 (N = 95), individuals high in optimism were more interested in attending a nutrition education program when the importance of nutrition was first highlighted. In Study 2 (N = 91), participants were given the opportunity to attend psychotherapy to address an academic problem. Dispositional optimism was associated with greater treatment attendance when participants rated their problems as high, relative to low, in importance. It is concluded that the personality variable of dispositional optimism does relate to interest and attendance in treatment, however, treatment goal importance moderates these relationships. It is recommended that practitioners and researchers take an interactionist approach when assessing the role of personality and situational factors in treatment program interest and attendance.
有人提出，性格乐观与治疗项目参与度呈正相关。然而，关于这种关系的证据相互矛盾。我们研究了治疗目标的重要性是否会调节这种关联。在研究 1（N=95）中，当强调营养的重要性时，高乐观主义者对参加营养教育计划更感兴趣。在研究 2（N=91）中，参与者有机会参加心理治疗以解决学术问题。当参与者将自己的问题评定为高重要性，而不是低重要性时，性格乐观与更多的治疗就诊次数相关。研究得出结论，性格乐观这一人格变量确实与治疗的兴趣和就诊次数有关，但是治疗目标的重要性调节了这些关系。建议从业者和研究人员在评估人格和情境因素在治疗项目兴趣和就诊次数中的作用时，采取交互作用的方法。
