1Department of Pediatrics and the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Reprod Sci. 2014 May;21(5):648-57. doi: 10.1177/1933719113508815. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of a number of pregnancy complications, including fetal demise, which may be linked to impaired placental development as a result of altered trophoblast invasion and vessel remodeling. Therefore, we examined these parameters in pregnant rats fed a control (normal weight) or high fat (HF) diet (obese) at 2 critical times of rat placental development. Early trophoblast invasion was increased by approximately 2-fold in HF-fed dams with a concomitant increase in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 protein, a mediator of tissue remodeling and invasion. Furthermore, we observed significantly higher levels of smooth muscle actin surrounding the placental spiral arteries of HF-fed dams, suggesting impaired spiral artery remodeling. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that altered placental development is an important contributor to the poor pregnancy outcomes and increased fetal demise in our model of lifelong maternal obesity.
母体肥胖与许多妊娠并发症的风险增加有关，包括胎儿死亡，这可能与胎盘发育受损有关，因为滋养细胞侵入和血管重塑发生改变。因此，我们在妊娠大鼠中检查了在大鼠胎盘发育的 2 个关键时期给予对照（正常体重）或高脂肪（HF）饮食（肥胖）的这些参数。HF 喂养的母鼠中的早期滋养细胞侵入增加了约 2 倍，伴随着基质金属蛋白酶 9 蛋白表达的增加，基质金属蛋白酶 9 蛋白是组织重塑和侵入的介质。此外，我们观察到 HF 喂养的母鼠胎盘螺旋动脉周围的平滑肌肌动蛋白水平明显升高，表明螺旋动脉重塑受损。总之，这项研究的结果表明，胎盘发育改变是我们终生母体肥胖模型中妊娠结局不良和胎儿死亡增加的重要原因。
